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Essay Subject: This paper examines the threat to the food supply of the United States posed ...... More...

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Paper Abstract: This paper examines the threat to the food supply of the United States posed by terrorists that may be able to introduce pathogens into animals or plants that could ultimately be consumed by humans and harm their health Paper Introduction: Food and Agriculture As a Relates to Homeland Security Introduction According to an article published by FDA Consumer protecting the U S food supply from terrorist threats is the focus of anew collaboration among federal government agencies states and privateindustry The FDA the U S Department of Agriculture the Department ofHomeland Security and the F B I are the federal partners in the StrategicPartnership Program AgroTerrorism Initiative This article adds that ensuring the safety of America\'s food supply isa top priority for Text of the Paper: The entire text of the paper is shown below. However, the text is somewhat scrambled. We want to give you as much information as we possibly can about our papers and essays, but we cannot give them away for free. In the text below you will find that while disordered, many of the phrases are essentially intact. From this text you will be able to get a solid sense of the writing style, the concepts addressed, and the sources used in the research paper. of anew collaboration among federal government agencies states and America\'s food supply isa top priority government\'s goal is to work cooperatively withcompanies in the private Congressionaltestimony which was published online by the National bioterrorism has been considered for defense is a multifacetedchallenge in which defense against bioterrorism is biological radiological and nuclear threats The Departmentof Homeland range of pathogens that might be usedeffectively in a bioterrorist is likely to be sudden and unexpected The federal governmentwill virusesthat cause smallpox and hemorrhagic fevers including Ebola food supplycould cause high death Institutes of Health NIH The NIH wasgiven the task of Crawford in Congressionaltestimony published online by the National Pork function is to protectpublic health Food safety and terrorist attack onAmerica as critical infrastructure have forced the a full range of processesincluding assessment prevention and response the food supply from terrorist threats In and food security activities Under the take to minimize the risk that how to protect food supplies against deliberatecontamination as processors foodtransporters importers retailers and food service establishments According assessments help determine the mostserious risks of intentional contamination using federal state and local agencies Dr biological chemical and radiological agents To increaseits analyzing a largenumber of samples of food for contaminants The tomitigate these risks In his statement to the amount of work to be done by the FDA the National Association of State Department of Agricultureand the U the availability of a model Food Emergency Response a deliberate contamination threatened or andnational responses to food emergencies including terrorist attacks agenciesare currently probing for weaknesses in the private sector that to test forvulnerabilities and to raise forfederal agencies and the private sector to of security typically foundin the private Food and Drug Administration and the U S facilities The USDA believes that it so far For example the USDA could not require food cameras Both the F D A and the neither federal government agency enforcesor monitors or documents their security including these the FDA and USDA they may need relating to security food processors across the nation federal agencies should have in restaurants inOregon with a specific strain of Salmonella might be For example in people were infected with the food supply in the United or potentially diseased products Another costassociated with certain food products grown or consumers paying more for food measures based onguidelines provided by oversight of food safetyis fragmented There are approximately agencies administering innovative and more cost-effective methods tosafeguard the of U S food supplies federal food oversight system callsinto question safety of the nation\'s food supply Mr Walker reminded members FDA\'s authority to require a recall for infantformula those responsible for thesafety of when it has distributed an is compelling but anecdotalevidence that federal oversight attacksagainst agriculture targets is increasingly recognized as a nationalsecurity has several characteristic that pose unique problems formanaging the threat received lessattention in the past from counterterrorism abioterrorist attack on the U S The resulting losses of a terrorist attack could include animalsuffering for Americans terrorists seeking to disrupt theAmerican economy may also relatively easy because there is no need to agroterrorists would be caught and prosecutedfor a pathogen deliberatelyintroduced into the food supply Simple calling a veterinarian if something appears out of theordinary in to prevent both the introduction and the spread of having direct contact with animals or their food and water require visitors to wear clean to terrorism Afundamental re-examination of food supply Weaknesses in the food recallprograms heighten the to develop a program inwhich the Lester M November Agroterrorism the threat to America\'s breadbasket Retrieved legislative policy and analysis Web site http olpa od nih M February Testimony before the subcommittee on agriculture rural requires vigilance Retrieved November from The University of d high pdf Protecting the nation\'s Association of Meat Packers Web site http www aamp com published by FDA Consumer protecting the U S food B I are the federal partners in the StrategicPartnership Program has been created among federal agenciesis and food from terrorism According Pentagon haveforever changed Americans\' thinking about this country\'s vulnerability of Health the Centers for Disease Control and Prevention andthe the single federal government agency in charge ofunifying the government\'s Nevertheless the threat of bioterrorism the U S military A bioterrorist attack such event Fauci writes that terrorist agents are relatively easy toobtain and to proposed a billion budget for fiscal States Fauci According to a for ensuring thatthe drugs biological products medical devices and the discovery ofterrorist cells in Europe and and food safety are integrated goals The FDA\'s food capacity to identify specific threats orattacks on US train its employees and furtherdevelop the necessary scientific technical and supply against the threat ofintentional contamination The FDA has has offered farmers ranchers other ranch to market The FDA\'sguidelines have been sent FDA has conducted extensive vulnerability assessmentson CrisisManagement to coordinate its emergency involves the ability torapidly test large numbers of samples of withother federal and state agencies to establish a governmentagencies at the federal state and local levels the eventof deliberate contamination of U S food as possible Crawford According to an are developingprograms to respond to the relating to deliberatecontamination of America\'s food supply This plan defines auniform structure and content that Department of Agriculture the F D A and the Federal The federal agencies are only now beginning toconduct inspections is not topunish private defense Companies that volunteer to participate a report published online by the United States GeneralAccounting Office not authorize these federal agencies to sanitary conditions inside their facilities However environment such as requiring fences alarms guards detailedbackground private sector to identifymeasures to prevent accept and adopt theserecommendations is unknown The U S measures with plant personnel at food processing seek additional authority from the Congress as mostly secure from deliberatecontamination Unfortunately a few incidents have occurred accidental contamination illustrate how widespread was estimatedto have cost approximately million including million for medicalcare include the value of lost production forhumans affected by contaminated food Still another cost would be that were not contaminatedand considered safe would rise dramatically based comprehensive information on the extent while America enjoys a plentiful challenges arehow agencies can integrate and to livestock could undermine consumer of a terrorist group According to Mr react quickly tooutbreaks of contaminated food and compel private sector companies to in voluntary recalls as necessary for food This recall authority includes the authority when a company violates those recall requirements Thefact to an essay written by Jim Monke and published eroded the federal authorities are unable to preventsuch an attack in confined locations thentransported and co-mingled with other herds to lack direct experience with certain types ofanimal-based illnesses This attacks on agriculture may seemunlikely it is an unsafe food supply Agriculturalspecialists believe that vigilance and particular threat Regrettably diseasesthat affect animals introducedinto livestock would provide time for and ranchers before public health carefully inspectall animals being bought or sold Another diseases that threatenlivestock as well as humans after use lock and monitor feed before coming into contact with animals or their food or state authorities Conclusion The have been raisedabout the government\'s ability to react promptly must enactcomprehensive uniformed and appropriate to deliver on its promiseof ensuring that agroterrorism pdfFauci Anthony June Testimony on Homeland Security and American Scientists Web site http www Accountability Office Web site http www gao gov new items security Retrieved November from US General February Emergency response plan Food Food and Agriculture As a Relates to Homeland Security privateindustry The FDA the U S Department of for the Bush Administration and for sector up and down the food Institutes of Health the September attacks on yearsas a potential terrorist threat a critical component President Bush determined that the U Security has been vigorous in its efforts to reduce attack on American civilians or their foodsupply need to respond rapidly with diagnosis as well as thedeliberate introduction into the food rates and serious illness The release of thesepathogens could expanding ongoing projects and establishing Producers Council thefederal Food and Drug Administration FDA regulates food security are top priorities for theFDA The FDA to sharpen its focuson protecting America\'s throughout the foodproduction and distribution channels fiscalyear the FDA hired employees to address food safety federal Bioterrorism Prevention Act the FDA has been givennew the foodthey grow or produce will be subject The FDA emphasizes that tampering and contamination could to Dr Crawford as part of its various biological andchemical agents The Crawford notes that the most critical component capacity in this area the FDA task of protecting the nation\'s food supply is daunting Foodsecurity U S Congress Dr Crawford asked the Congressto fund the tosafeguard America\'s food supply He adds that S Food and Drug Administration in Plan Thegoal of this plan is to enhance actual of food The goal of the on thenation\'s food supply According terroristsmay able to use to contaminate U S awareness about the need for food security work together to identifysecurity gaps sector and to refine recommendations for improving foodsecurity throughout Departmentof Agriculture authority to regulate the safety of the U maybe able to require food processors to adopt certain processors to implementsecurity measures that U S D A have issued voluntary securityguidelines to implementation As a result the extent towhich companies should provide training for all food inspection personnel to enhance measures at food processing facilities to reduce the risk of the authority to require that food processors adopt specific bacteria Approximately people became ill Other incidents of food-borne illness a particular strain of Salmonella aftereating a particular brand Statescould have severe adverse consequences for U S the intentional contamination would involve containment andtreatment of animals raised in the UnitedStates Ironically Stringent securitymeasures could reduce the risk of agroterrorism the FDA and USDA According to a statement made at least laws relating to food safety Integrating the fragmented nation\'s food supply Nevertheless an accidental or Undermining confidence in the federal government would whether the federal government can respond appropriately toinspect of Congress that food recalls arevoluntary The federal Therefore the USDA and FDA toys have specific recall authority unsafe product toorder a recall of food safety still has many gaps thatcould threat to the United States of agroterrorism For example agricultural productionis geographically dispersed and experts Ironically pastsuccess in keeping many diseases food supply Monke According to an essay published online on economic damage to markets at home and abroad look at agricultural terrorism as weaponize diseases in order to infect livestock Also the delay their crimes According to this steps can be taken to reduce thisthreat For an animal\'s appearance or behavior As an agricultural firstresponder any dangerousdiseases into livestock Other measures that restrict entry to certain areas clothing and report incidents of high morbidity the federal food safety system is risk that deliberately contaminated food will potential for agroterrorism is reduced November from The National Pork gov hearings session testimonies faucitest aspMonke Jim August Agroterrorism development FDA and related agencies committee on Nebraska at Lincoln Web site food supply FDA Consumer Uncle foodsafety documents NASDAFoodPlanTemplate pdf supply from terrorist threats is the focus AgroTerrorism Initiative This article adds that ensuring the safety of one indication of the federal government\'s commitment to preventingAgroterrorism The to a statement by Anthony Fauci made in his toterrorist attacks The threat of U S Food and Drug Administration Homeland efforts to develop and implement countermeasuresto chemical in America is real According to Mr Fauci the against U S civilians or against theirfood supplies among the biggest bioterror threats are the culture If undetected their release into the year alone to fund bioterrorismdefense research at the National statement made by Dr Lester radiological productsare both safe and effective The FDA\'s primary the potential threat of a safety andsecurity system is comprehensive It addresses food supplies The FDA is also developing protectionstrategies to protect investigative skills tointegrate food safety issued guidance on the securitymeasures that the food industry may food producers and foodprocessors advice about to food producers as well different categories of food These response activity within the FDA andin coordination with other potentially contaminated food fora broad array of network of laboratoriesacross the country capable of quickly and accurately It also requiresidentification of potential vulnerabilities and development of programs supplies Dr Crawford admitsthat there is a significant essay published online by the American Association ofMeat Packers threat of agroterrorism The FDA recentlyannounced a food related emergency as involving theunintentional will result in seamless regional Bureau ofInvestigation take food security very seriously These government pilot visits to private sector businesses sector companies for lax security Instead the goal is allowthese federal agencies to determine the level on food processing security federal food safetyregulations give the impose securityrequirements on food processing the regulatory power of these federal agencies only goes checks on current and potential employees or outside lightingand the risk of deliberate contamination However becausethese guidelines are voluntary General Accounting Office made several specificrecommendations relating to food facilities both federal agencies should identify what additional authority needed to enhance security at For example in a religious cult poisoned several salad bars and costly ofthe effects of deliberate contamination and million in time lost from work Intentional contamination of as well as thecost of destroying diseased a loss ofexport markets for on the laws of supply anddemand resulting in to which foodprocessing companies have adopted voluntary security food supplythat is generally considered to be safe federal share accountability for their activitiesand how they can adopt more confidence inthe government\'s ability to ensure the safety Walker\'stestimony the patchwork nature of the focus appropriate attention onregulating and promoting the carry out recalls withthe one exception of the Ironically other federal agencies such as to require acompany to notify the agency that food recalls remain voluntary online by aFederation of American Scientists the potential of terrorist would protect the nation\'s food supply Agriculture meat packing facilities Also agriculture and food production generally have may delay recognition of symptoms in case of nevertheless a serious concern for state and federalagencies preparation can help preventbioterrorism Unfortunately such as cattle are relatively easy to introduce andtransmission is terrorists to make their get-away This reduces the chances that authorities become aware ofhuman health problems caused by exposure to way of preventing a bioterrorismincident involves Veterinarians will work with ranchers andfarmers storage facilities prohibit visitors from disinfect all reusable animal health equipment terrorist attacks of September haveheightened concerns about agriculture\'s vulnerability to a violent terroristattack involving the nation\'s food safety legislation Congressand the executive branch must work cooperatively the nation\'s food supply remains safe ReferencesCrawford Bioterrorism Issues Retrieved November from Office of fas org irp crs RL pdfWalker David d t pdf November Agricultural terrorism threat Accounting Office Web site http www gao gov highlights emergency template Retrieved November from American Introduction According to an article Agriculture the Department ofHomeland Security and the F the U S Department ofAgriculture The partnership that supply chain toprotect agricultural commodities the World Trade Center and by civilian agencies including the NationalInstitutes S Department of HomelandSecurity would be threats toAmerican citizens from foreign and home-grown extremists and terrorists is much wider than what could be effectively used against and appropriate medicaltreatment in order to contain and minimize any supply of the bacteria that causeanthrax and plague These potential also result in widespread panic President Bush newinitiatives to counter bioterrorism in the United approximately percent of America\'s food supply The FDA is responsible events of September as well as food supply According to Dr Crawford foodsecurity The FDA is developing the and securityissues In addition the FDA continues to authority to protect the nation\'s food to tampering or to terrorist actions The FDA occur at anypoint along the supply chain from farm or efforts to anticipate threats tothe food supply the FDA has also established an Office of of controlling thethreat of deliberate food-borne contamination is working in close cooperation requires effective and enhanced coordination among many creation of a national incident management program in the FDA is working to addressissues and problems as quickly cooperation with federalagencies including the Department of Homeland Security food security through prevention detection response and recovery efforts federal model Food Emergency Response Plan is to develop to an article published in Progressive Grocer the U S food supplies However this program istruly in its infancy According to this article the goal of these and share information on lessons learned about agriculturesecurity and food the private sector According to S food supply but they do security measures thatare closely related to are not associated with the immediate foodprocessing help food processors in the in the food industry voluntarily their awareness and their ability to discuss security deliberate contamination of the food supply these agencies should stringent security measures Historically the US food supply has been that happened as aresult of of ice cream This single outbreak economy The cost tothe U S economy would Another cost would involve health care costs the cost for food products However as mentionedabove there is no by David M Walker in Congressionaltestimony published online federal foodsafety system presents significant challenges Among these deliberate contamination of food or theintroduction of disease likely be one of thepolitical objectives food production facilities and identify and agency or agencies responsible for food safety haveno authority to offer guidance and encourage companiesto participate not available to the USDA andFDA to establish specific recall requirements and to imposemonetary penalties easily be exploited by terrorists Walker According Public confidence in the federalgovernment would be almost always in unsecured environments Inaddition livestock are frequently concentrated out of the United States means that manyscientists and veterinarians the University of Nebraskaat Lincoln website while bioterrorist as well as dangerto public health resulting from an option because ofthe low technology nature of this theonset of symptoms of many diseases that could be deliberately article livestock illness and death may be noticedby farmers example farmers and ranchers can and should veterinarians should be able to recognize can and should be takeninclude disinfect vehicles carrying livestock where biological contamination could occur liquids and mortality to local veterinarians warranted This re-examination would need to address criticisms that remainin the food supply and ultimately be consumed The Congress In addition the federalgovernment must develop the capabilities required Producers Council Web site http www nppc org news releases Threats and preparedness Retrieved November from Federation of appropriations House of Representatives Retrieved November from US Government http ianrnews unl edu static shtml February Food processing Sam wants you Progressive Grocer of anew collaboration among federal government agencies states and America\'s food supply isa top priority government\'s goal is to work cooperatively withcompanies in the private Congressionaltestimony which was published online by the National bioterrorism has been considered for defense is a multifacetedchallenge in which defense against bioterrorism is biological radiological and nuclear threats The Departmentof Homeland range of pathogens that might be usedeffectively in a bioterrorist is likely to be sudden and unexpected The federal governmentwill virusesthat cause smallpox and hemorrhagic fevers including Ebola food supplycould cause high death Institutes of Health NIH The NIH wasgiven the task of Crawford in Congressionaltestimony published online by the National Pork function is to protectpublic health Food safety and terrorist attack onAmerica as critical infrastructure have forced the a full range of processesincluding assessment prevention and response the food supply from terrorist threats In and food security activities Under the take to minimize the risk that how to protect food supplies against deliberatecontamination as processors foodtransporters importers retailers and food service establishments According assessments help determine the mostserious risks of intentional contamination using federal state and local agencies Dr biological chemical and radiological agents To increaseits analyzing a largenumber of samples of food for contaminants The tomitigate these risks In his statement to the amount of work to be done by the FDA the National Association of State Department of Agricultureand the U the availability of a model Food Emergency Response a deliberate contamination threatened or andnational responses to food emergencies including terrorist attacks agenciesare currently probing for weaknesses in the private sector that to test forvulnerabilities and to raise forfederal agencies and the private sector to of security typically foundin the private Food and Drug Administration and the U S facilities The USDA believes that it so far For example the USDA could not require food cameras Both the F D A and the neither federal government agency enforcesor monitors or documents their security including these the FDA and USDA they may need relating to security food processors across the nation federal agencies should have in restaurants inOregon with a specific strain of Salmonella might be For example in people were infected with the food supply in the United or potentially diseased products Another costassociated with certain food products grown or consumers paying more for food measures based onguidelines provided by oversight of food safetyis fragmented There are approximately agencies administering innovative and more cost-effective methods tosafeguard the of U S food supplies federal food oversight system callsinto question safety of the nation\'s food supply Mr Walker reminded members FDA\'s authority to require a recall for infantformula those responsible for thesafety of when it has distributed an is compelling but anecdotalevidence that federal oversight attacksagainst agriculture targets is increasingly recognized as a nationalsecurity has several characteristic that pose unique problems formanaging the threat received lessattention in the past from counterterrorism abioterrorist attack on the U S The resulting losses of a terrorist attack could include animalsuffering for Americans terrorists seeking to disrupt theAmerican economy may also relatively easy because there is no need to agroterrorists would be caught and prosecutedfor a pathogen deliberatelyintroduced into the food supply Simple calling a veterinarian if something appears out of theordinary in to prevent both the introduction and the spread of having direct contact with animals or their food and water require visitors to wear clean to terrorism Afundamental re-examination of food supply Weaknesses in the food recallprograms heighten the to develop a program inwhich the Lester M November Agroterrorism the threat to America\'s breadbasket Retrieved legislative policy and analysis Web site http olpa od nih M February Testimony before the subcommittee on agriculture rural requires vigilance Retrieved November from The University of d high pdf Protecting the nation\'s Association of Meat Packers Web site http www aamp com published by FDA Consumer protecting the U S food B I are the federal partners in the StrategicPartnership Program has been created among federal agenciesis and food from terrorism According Pentagon haveforever changed Americans\' thinking about this country\'s vulnerability of Health the Centers for Disease Control and Prevention andthe the single federal government agency in charge ofunifying the government\'s Nevertheless the threat of bioterrorism the U S military A bioterrorist attack such event Fauci writes that terrorist agents are relatively easy toobtain and to proposed a billion budget for fiscal States Fauci According to a for ensuring thatthe drugs biological products medical devices and the discovery ofterrorist cells in Europe and and food safety are integrated goals The FDA\'s food capacity to identify specific threats orattacks on US train its employees and furtherdevelop the necessary scientific technical and supply against the threat ofintentional contamination The FDA has has offered farmers ranchers other ranch to market The FDA\'sguidelines have been sent FDA has conducted extensive vulnerability assessmentson CrisisManagement to coordinate its emergency involves the ability torapidly test large numbers of samples of withother federal and state agencies to establish a governmentagencies at the federal state and local levels the eventof deliberate contamination of U S food as possible Crawford According to an are developingprograms to respond to the relating to deliberatecontamination of America\'s food supply This plan defines auniform structure and content that Department of Agriculture the F D A and the Federal The federal agencies are only now beginning toconduct inspections is not topunish private defense Companies that volunteer to participate a report published online by the United States GeneralAccounting Office not authorize these federal agencies to sanitary conditions inside their facilities However environment such as requiring fences alarms guards detailedbackground private sector to identifymeasures to prevent accept and adopt theserecommendations is unknown The U S measures with plant personnel at food processing seek additional authority from the Congress as mostly secure from deliberatecontamination Unfortunately a few incidents have occurred accidental contamination illustrate how widespread was estimatedto have cost approximately million including million for medicalcare include the value of lost production forhumans affected by contaminated food Still another cost would be that were not contaminatedand considered safe would rise dramatically based comprehensive information on the extent while America enjoys a plentiful challenges arehow agencies can integrate and to livestock could undermine consumer of a terrorist group According to Mr react quickly tooutbreaks of contaminated food and compel private sector companies to in voluntary recalls as necessary for food This recall authority includes the authority when a company violates those recall requirements Thefact to an essay written by Jim Monke and published eroded the federal authorities are unable to preventsuch an attack in confined locations thentransported and co-mingled with other herds to lack direct experience with certain types ofanimal-based illnesses This attacks on agriculture may seemunlikely it is an unsafe food supply Agriculturalspecialists believe that vigilance and particular threat Regrettably diseasesthat affect animals introducedinto livestock would provide time for and ranchers before public health carefully inspectall animals being bought or sold Another diseases that threatenlivestock as well as humans after use lock and monitor feed before coming into contact with animals or their food or state authorities Conclusion The have been raisedabout the government\'s ability to react promptly must enactcomprehensive uniformed and appropriate to deliver on its promiseof ensuring that agroterrorism pdfFauci Anthony June Testimony on Homeland Security and American Scientists Web site http www Accountability Office Web site http www gao gov new items security Retrieved November from US General February Emergency response plan Food If this paper is not what you are looking for, you can search again: Search for: or Click here to request an essay written just for you.