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Ancient Roman Interiors
Term Paper ID:38104
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Essay Subject:
This paper discusses ancient Greek and Roman architecture focusing on how the Roman was ...... More...
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6 Pages / 1350 Words
8 sources, 30 Citations,
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Paper Abstract:
This paper discusses ancient Greek and Roman architecture, focusing on how the Roman was derived from the Greek and ending with a description of the ancient Roman interiors.
Paper Introduction:
Ancient Roman Interiors Ancient Greek and Roman architecture is among the most beautiful everdesigned The precision orderliness and simple beauty of ancient Greekand Roman structures-not to mention their utility-have stood the test oftime and elements of them still appear in buildings today This paperwill look at ancient Greek architecture and its influence on subsequentancient Roman architecture the influence of ancient thinkers will beaddressed and ancient Roman interiors will be described Ancient Greek architecture is distinctive for the fact that the Greeksspent much
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Theintegration of the outside with the inside of the building not only makesthe inside airier and the outside somewhat like an indoor living space inmany respects, it also allows both outdoor and indoor tasks to be completedin close conjunction with one another. Thomson Gale. 2 .http://ah.bfn.org/a/DCTNRY/c/composite.html). Academic OneFile. University of Phoenix. 4252-4259."Roman Courtyards and Interiors." http://www.rebecca- east.com/courtyardinterior.html"The Roman House." http://www.roman-empire.net/society/soc-house.htmlAnderson, Michael P. Tuscan [pic] Appendix 3. With art-related concepts such as these influencing ancient Romanarchitecture, it is easy to see why Roman buildings and their interiorswere so beautifully designed and constructed. Rosengarten, A Handbook of Architectural Styles, NY, 1898. Examining this floor plan from a visibility perspective, it is clearthat the rooms are all either open or closed in aspect (Anderson 627). Doric column, from A. The precision, orderliness, and simple beauty of ancient Greekand Roman structures-not to mention their utility-have stood the test oftime, and elements of them still appear in buildings today. Ancient Roman architecture did draw some of its basic concepts fromancient Greek architecture, and yet it elaborated on them to produce muchmore developed and aesthetically pleasing structures that went beyond theutilitarian to the sublime. The clean andattractive design is not only pleasing to the eye but easy to find one'sway in and easy to care for. 6. TheComposite order is more ornate, with a capital that has Ionic styling onthe upper part and Corinthian on the lower part; ornamentation featuringacanthus leaves is prominent (LaChiusa). Corinthian entablature, from A. Anexedra is an open room with at least one completely exposed side, while aclosed room has walls on all sides with one opening (Anderson 627). Roman temples were very similarto those of Greece, with columns supported a flat or vaulted roof. http://ah.bfn.org/a/DCTNRY/c/composite.htmlLaChiusa, Chuck. Rosengarten, A Handbook of Architectural Styles, NY, 1898. >.LaChiusa, Chuck. Although they used the Greek orders,these were often just ornamentation for their buildings, which were builtmore practically and with greater engineering prowess ("Greek and RomanBuildings" 4257). (Source: LaChiusa, Chuck. Poured concrete was a material discovered andused by the Romans, and over the concrete core, they used a variety ofouter surfaces, such as brick, marble, and stucco ("Greek and RomanBuildings" 4258). [pic] Appendix 5.Reproduction of a Roman courtyard (at Corinium)[pic]\Peristyle of the House of the Vettius Brothers in Pompeii (as it appearstoday). The artistic decorative treatments-especiallythose in the more expensive buildings-are rich and inspiring. Reproductions of theancient Roman building show an airy effect from having the outdoors and thebuilding essentially integrated to complement one another (Appendix 5). The Tuscan order isthe simplest of all-somewhat similar to the Doric-and is distinguished byunfluted columns, plain entablatures, unadorned capitals and bases, andwidely spaced columns of short proportions (LaChiusa, Appendix 2). Augustin, 1944. This was a one-story edifice, but later on, a second story wasadded that provided windows, balconies, or loggias that opened onto thestreet (Nash 17). 4. Their homes were built"mainly as a place to sleep," and since they held strong convictions aboutdemocracy, they felt that the display of wealth evinced by elaboratebuildings was in poor taste, anyway ("Greek and Roman Buildings" 4252).Much of Greek architecture was based on the design of the Greek temple,which was a simple square room that had columns supporting a flat roof,often with a back porch and a row of columns along the sides ("Greek andRoman Buildings" 4252). This paperwill look at ancient Greek architecture and its influence on subsequentancient Roman architecture, the influence of ancient thinkers will beaddressed, and ancient Roman interiors will be described. "Tuscan." 2 2. There were three basic styles, or orders, of Greekarchitecture-the Doric, Ionic, and Corinthian (Appendix 1). The Romansused these three Greek orders and added two more of their own-the Tuscanand the Composite ("Greek and Roman Buildings" 4252). 3. http://ah.bfn.org/a/DCTNRY/t/tuscan.htmlNash, Ernest. Works Cited"Greek and Roman Buildings." The Book of Knowledge. Questia web site. Fannius Sinister at BoscorealePresently in the Museum of Fine Arts/ New York City[pic] Reproductions of the interiors of ancient Roman buildings show simplestucco walls in the less expensive housing, with a fireplace for cooking,worktables, and shelves for pots and urns ("Roman Courtyards andInteriors," Appendix 6). "Composite." 2 2. The townhouse had an entrance and an atrium, a basin forrain water called an "impluvium," an office-the "tablinum," and a janitor(doorman) (Nash 16). Appendix 6. Ionic entablature, from A. The functional living space has everything needed forachieving daily tasks, from access to accouterments. 2. There was a corridor,a peristyle, a dining room (the "triclinium"), kitchen ("culina"),entertaining hall ("exedra"), living room ("oecus"), and bedrooms("cubicola") (Nash 16). Thecolonnaded peristyle, or garde, was the center from which the livingquarters radiated, and several rooms opened off of it-the triclinium, whichderived its name from the fact that it afforded reclining couches fordining, the oecus, exedra, bedrooms, storerooms, and kitchen (Nash 17).There were one or two narrow corridors running alongside the tablinumconnecting the atrium to the peristyle (Nash 17). Rosengarten, A Handbook of Architectural Styles, NY, 1898. "The Transpersonal Movement: a History and State http://www.questia.com/PM.qst?a=o&d=952565 7 Appendix 1. Any visitors weretaken care of in the atrium, where business was also conducted, allowingthe rest of the house to remain private for the family (Nash 17). Theexedra blocks visibility into it from either side "at an angle relative tothe depth of the room" (Anderson 627, Appendix 4b). 5. To Greek practicality, the Romans added ahigher level of practicality that was better because of its greaterconvenience, and to Greek simple beauty, the Romans added embellishmentthat made their buildings and interiors distinctive and compelling. Roman dwellings were of twobasic types-the more private ancient Roman atrium house and the insula, alarge apartment house ("Greek and Roman Buildings" 4258). There were underground pipes for watering and keeping fountainsfilled. Appendix 2. New York: The Grolier Society, 1957. |[pic] |[pic] |[pic] ||Doric |Doric |Doric Temple||column |entablature | ||[pic] |[pic] |[pic] ||Ionic |Ionic |Ionic ||Column |entablature |capital || |[pic] | || |Corinthi| || |an | || |entablat| || |ure | | 1. The atriumhouse had a spacious central hall called an "atrium" that wasted so muchspace that it became too expensive to own and eventually was limited onlyto wealthy families ("Greek and Roman Buildings" 4258). http://www.questia.com/PM.qst?a=o&d=59 9 74Walsh, Roger. (Source: LaChiusa, Chuck. 7. 29 Sep. In some paintings of garden scenes it appears that the shallowraised troughs like the ones shown here served as bird baths.[pic] (Source: "Roman courtyards and Interiors." http://www.rebecca-east.com/courtyardinterior.html). 2 2.http://ah.bfn.org/a/DCTNRY/c/composite.html). The opendesign of the floor plan fosters interaction by providing large open areaswhere people can congregate and interact, both indoors and outdoors. (Source: Howe, Jeffery, 1997,http://www.bc.edu/bc_org/avp/cas/fnart/arch/greek_arch.html). Rosengarten, A Handbook of Architectural Styles, NY, 1898. A shop in the building was called a "taberna," andthe wings were called "alae" (Nash 16, Appendix 4a). The thinkers of ancient Greek and Roman times viewed architecture asan expression of deeper spiritual issues. The layout of the Roman house made its interior extremely habitable,with the orderly and interconnected elements easy to access, pleasing tothe eye, and convenient to traverse because of the corridors. 2 6
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