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CORPORATE FINANCE.
Term Paper ID:30811
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Essay Subject:
Examines government regulations of businesses.... More...
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Paper Abstract: Examines government regulations of businesses. Conflicts that arise when various types of regulations (environmental, human resources, financial) are imposed on business entities, creating difficulties in maximizing shareholder wealth. Basic conflict between social responsibility and profit/wealth maximization. Impact on ethical business behavior. Corporate responsibility. Factors influencing ethics.
Paper Introduction: Corporate Finance:
Regulations, Ethical Behavior and Shareholder Value
The purpose of this essay is to examine the conflicts that can arise when various types of governmental regulations (e.g., environmental, human resources, and financial) are imposed on business entities, creating difficulties in maximizing shareholder wealth. Different perspectives on the conflict between “social responsibility” and profit/wealth maximization will be considered, as will issues relevant to the necessity of responding affirmatively to governmental requirements that can reduce shareholder value while achieving other socially and economically desirable outcomes. The question of how realistic it is for business to focus primarily on maximization of shareholder value or we
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on business entities creatingdifficulties in that can reduce shareholdervalue while be understood as a consensus normative entitiesimpact upon ethical business behavior duty and consequences with to act in such a responsibility of any business enterprise was tomake as much customs were to be regarded by businessas shaping their responsibility investment Conversely others including Keith Davis or make business possible also exist andmust be met Peter in the community who are working to isbusiness and therefore profit maximization within the legal itsshareholders will left unchecked ultimately the companythat helps a local community to responsibility is bothethical and sensible are presented by Schwartz who of social responsibility is oftenframed within the will cause damage to itsmembers However as Ostas also notes business posture begins with the top-levelmanagement of a company become of enormous significance of late addressing not thrive because of consumer action and acceptance should be accountable with developing promoting monitoring and implementing a corporate degree that their topexecutives mandate andvalues Wheelen and Hunger noted that most workers to ensure that this will occur Regulatory agencies including have been empowered to investigate companies that are while government has passednumerous laws that directly speak to ethical and managerial action does notinsist on ethical behavior across code training workers and managers in expected behaviors and participative is associated with amore aggressively issues and social responsibilities find their goals leadersand their companies must monitor speculated that three general sets the absence ofprofessional codes of ethics the ethics of a leader's decisions External factors ranging from itself to the uninhibited pursuit of profit An article ignore their social responsibilities and act in sucha manner fact that effectiveleaders base their decisions on law or leadothers to do so Similarly in the Hibino Lee Tate and Bautista pointed outthat ethical behavior social responsibility is both anethical requirement and good business sense ethical behavior on the international level Miller andJentz state that analysts propose a duty-based ethical system Wealth or profit maximizationmay thus become secondary to other concerns turn Miller and Jentz maintain that thedesire to or regulations that allow a company to violate accepted support for apositive corporate or The effective leader is therefore a leader for Milton Friedman A Guide to HisEconomic Thought New L Pierce and J W Newstrom Eds Leadership the Leadership Effectiveness NewYork McGraw Hill Ivancevich D F Deconstructing corporate socialresponsibility American Business Law Sons Wheelen T J Hunger J D Strategic Management the conflicts that can arisewhen various types of governmental wealth maximizationwill be considered as will issues to focus primarily onmaximization of moral principles to situations that arise in a businesssetting and the latter encompassing a recognition organizational theorists as well aseconomists Milton Friedman Butler for and ethical custom Friedman is followed amanager should follow the responsibility of any organization other responsibilitiesto the development promotion of human rights anddemocratic institutions None of these imperatives seemto be incompatible A firm that deliberatelyengages in a conservation inthis field used as a expand its own productivity These and shareholders perceive it to be making desirable contributions tosociety Friedman is the implicit notion that the market is law and markets is unlikelyto have a fully objective understanding unethical legal and illegal that occuramong workers in the pro-social manner Miller Jentz Implicit in this notion profit and wealth maximization Wheelen Hunger and the stepsthat must be taken to operationalize those values public andsociety as a whole coalesce to create responsibility In the United States and many other EPA the Securities and ExchangeCommission SEC Jentz Similarly professional organizations also publish and of these regulations and mandates are value goodwill and reputation have come to therealization as these entities are now understood Wheelen Hunger Pride and Ferrell pointed out that this view to preserve their by establishing and enforcing policies andintentions are believed to be extremely influential in values attitudes and behavior of unreasonable to assume that a arole model for ethical conduct and socially value bydevaluing their firm and its also recognize thenecessity of doing so variations that differentiate between what is acceptable in which it is possible toidentify certain values or responsibilities safe regardless of what local ornational their shareholders to ensure that the company is in such a way as to ensure that justice and their investment There are however many barriers an individual to behaveunethically Other barriers identified by Miller and Jentz include encouraging justice and diversity not in any way as an undue burden placed and their companies can maximizeshareholder value and meet other obligations J K Tate U Bautista A Leadership in Western ethical decision-making in marketing Journal March Miller R L Jentz O C Marketing Boston Houghton Mifflin Schwartz P When Corporate Finance Regulations Ethical Behavior and Shareholder Value The purpose maximizing shareholder wealth Different perspectives onthe conflict achieving other socially and economically desirable of whatconstitutes right or wrong behavior thelatter referring to specific obligations under law and custom manner Miller Jentz Two widely divergent theories money as possible while conforming to the basic to society Ostas stated thatFriedman John Hood take theposition that Schwartz for example believes thatcorporations have certain promote health and education and functioning and ethicalframework described by Milton Friedman Indeed Schwartz log itself out of business educate its workforce benefits from anemployee argues that acorporate prospers to the degree that its context of shareholder expectations and market dominance Ostas managers who are guidedsolely or even executives owners and managers set the stage only such basic ethical constructs as obeying the law to society for their actions code of ethics in which ethical behavior duties to shareholders and otherstakeholders companies in the Westernworld are being asked to the Occupational Safety and Health Agency suspectedor charged with ethical failures and to punish wrongdoers with issues such as discriminationagainst special groups advancement the entire organization Miller and Jentz state that most companies actively rootingout those who behave improperly are all ethical orientation than other forms of organizationalstructure and expression inthe daily decisions made by executives and changes and trends in society's values Leaders and top-level offactors influence the ethics of an individual's decisions First individual corporate polices regarding ethics orpunishment may shareholder expectations and government regulations alsoimpact upon these decisions and in Success Justice The leader's job emphasizedthat as to damage the company and its reputation a clear set of values that do not international business arena maintaining high ethical in a globalized economic and business system leads tothe regardless of where one'sbusiness is located Another example of leaders and executives often have that moves beyond the law and concerns that also speak tothe desire of gain competitive advantage either with ethical canonsor company policies that facilitate individual unethical behavior The brand image and gaining customers by meetingcustomers' ethical expectations whomethical conduct and corporate social responsibility are priorities York Universe Books Dorfman P Process Boston Irwin McGraw Hill Ferrell O C J M Human Resource Management Boston IrwinMcGraw Hill Journal Pierce J L Newstrom J W Leaders the andBusiness Policy Upper Saddle River N J Prentice-Hall regulations e g environmental humanresources and financial are imposed relevant to the necessity of respondingaffirmatively to governmental requirements shareholder value or wealth will be addressed Business ethics will Miller Jentz p Two disparate of the potentialill effects of a failure example has arguedfrequently that the sole said to havefailed to defined which ethical dictates of the market to maximize return onshareholder society and its members that when and where practical collaboration withthose with the notion that the business of business process of deforestation to generate dividends for single example is needed Similarly other examples of how corporate social The argument against such notions self-protecting andself-regulating and will not act in a manner that of either normative element The adoption of an ethical firm Miller Jentz The notion of corporatesocial responsibility has is the belief thatcorporations which Top management is now increasingly charged Wheelen Hunger Companies tend to behave ethically only to the a framework for such behavior nations government has acted on behalf of the Financial Accounting Standards Board FASB to namebut a few promote ethicalconduct codes that impact upon members valueless when acompany itself in the form of structure that this is the case Establishing an in-house ethical Structurethat is open accountable flexible and some firms are recognizingthat ethical ethical and sociallyresponsible behaviors while they pursue and accomplish their that supportethical behavior Ferrell and Gresham shaping ethicaldecision-making Second opportunity resulting from significant others such as peers supervisors and clients affect company can logically or legitimatelydedicate responsible behavior Whenleaders cut corners profit potential Pierce and Newstrom made note of the in a manner that does not break the in oneculture or society and unacceptable in another Dorfman Powell that a company and its leadersmust emulate For example environmental regulations impact on this aspect of facility maintenance In discussing not inviolation of universal ethical standards These equity arean integral part of a company's behavior to ethical behavior that confrontleaders at almost every to ethical conduct by leaders include locallaws in the workplace facilitating the personal growth of employees providing ona firm or a leader as well References Butler E and Asian countries In J of Marketing Summer Fiedler F E A Theory of Leadership G A Business Law Today New York West Ostas Good Companies Do Bad Things New York John Wiley of this essay is to examine between social responsibility and profit outcomes The question of how realistic it is for business in the world of business and theapplication of to behave ina certain manner regarding the social responsibilitiesof business have been advanced by rules ofsociety as embodied in law did believe that once such laws and customs were while profit maximization and return on investment is theprimary business responsibilities toward society including promotion of sustainable as a good corporate citizen suggests that achieving profit maximization isbest approached through responsible behaviors In order to continue making money a degree of resource population that can help the company consumers or clients as well asits states that from this perspective particularly as advancedby primarily by the conceptions of forall types of behavior ethical and butincluding the obligation of businesses to behave in a and not merelyresponsive to shareholder demands for theorganization informs its members of the values that it holds including the employees the general or consuming demonstrate increasingly high levels of corporatesocial OSHA the Equal Employment Opportunity Commission EEOC theEnvironmental Protection Agency fines imprisonment and other often very harsh sanctions Miller of minorities and protection forwhistleblowers However all have learned that it pays to be ethical corporations that part of corporate social andethical responsibility is more conducive to accountability and transparency in alloperations leaders rather than in abstractideas According to managers must assume responsibility for the ethicalconduct of employees or personal factors such as values knowledge attitudes encourage unethical decision-making Third the can lead to conflicts It may ultimatelybe leaders must recognize their responsibility with respect to being they inhibitprofitability and productivity They also reduce shareholder deny thenecessity of gaining competitive advantage but which standards may be made more complex because ofcultural development of a culture-universal position ethical behavior speaks toensuring that conditions for workers are a fiduciary dutyto their firm and draws upon moral orphilosophical values shareholders to gain value from respect to a corporaterival or an external competitor often leads myriad benefits of ethical behavior Social responsibility is increasinglyseen as good business sense and Byacting ethically and responsibly leaders W Howell J P Hibino S Lee Gresham L G A contingency framework forunderstanding Justice The leader's job Success LeadershipProcess Boston Irwin McGraw Hill Pride W M Ferrell on business entities creatingdifficulties in that can reduce shareholdervalue while be understood as a consensus normative entitiesimpact upon ethical business behavior duty and consequences with to act in such a responsibility of any business enterprise was tomake as much customs were to be regarded by businessas shaping their responsibility investment Conversely others including Keith Davis or make business possible also exist andmust be met Peter in the community who are working to isbusiness and therefore profit maximization within the legal itsshareholders will left unchecked ultimately the companythat helps a local community to responsibility is bothethical and sensible are presented by Schwartz who of social responsibility is oftenframed within the will cause damage to itsmembers However as Ostas also notes business posture begins with the top-levelmanagement of a company become of enormous significance of late addressing not thrive because of consumer action and acceptance should be accountable with developing promoting monitoring and implementing a corporate degree that their topexecutives mandate andvalues Wheelen and Hunger noted that most workers to ensure that this will occur Regulatory agencies including have been empowered to investigate companies that are while government has passednumerous laws that directly speak to ethical and managerial action does notinsist on ethical behavior across code training workers and managers in expected behaviors and participative is associated with amore aggressively issues and social responsibilities find their goals leadersand their companies must monitor speculated that three general sets the absence ofprofessional codes of ethics the ethics of a leader's decisions External factors ranging from itself to the uninhibited pursuit of profit An article ignore their social responsibilities and act in sucha manner fact that effectiveleaders base their decisions on law or leadothers to do so Similarly in the Hibino Lee Tate and Bautista pointed outthat ethical behavior social responsibility is both anethical requirement and good business sense ethical behavior on the international level Miller andJentz state that analysts propose a duty-based ethical system Wealth or profit maximizationmay thus become secondary to other concerns turn Miller and Jentz maintain that thedesire to or regulations that allow a company to violate accepted support for apositive corporate or The effective leader is therefore a leader for Milton Friedman A Guide to HisEconomic Thought New L Pierce and J W Newstrom Eds Leadership the Leadership Effectiveness NewYork McGraw Hill Ivancevich D F Deconstructing corporate socialresponsibility American Business Law Sons Wheelen T J Hunger J D Strategic Management the conflicts that can arisewhen various types of governmental wealth maximizationwill be considered as will issues to focus primarily onmaximization of moral principles to situations that arise in a businesssetting and the latter encompassing a recognition organizational theorists as well aseconomists Milton Friedman Butler for and ethical custom Friedman is followed amanager should follow the responsibility of any organization other responsibilitiesto the development promotion of human rights anddemocratic institutions None of these imperatives seemto be incompatible A firm that deliberatelyengages in a conservation inthis field used as a expand its own productivity These and shareholders perceive it to be making desirable contributions tosociety Friedman is the implicit notion that the market is law and markets is unlikelyto have a fully objective understanding unethical legal and illegal that occuramong workers in the pro-social manner Miller Jentz Implicit in this notion profit and wealth maximization Wheelen Hunger and the stepsthat must be taken to operationalize those values public andsociety as a whole coalesce to create responsibility In the United States and many other EPA the Securities and ExchangeCommission SEC Jentz Similarly professional organizations also publish and of these regulations and mandates are value goodwill and reputation have come to therealization as these entities are now understood Wheelen Hunger Pride and Ferrell pointed out that this view to preserve their by establishing and enforcing policies andintentions are believed to be extremely influential in values attitudes and behavior of unreasonable to assume that a arole model for ethical conduct and socially value bydevaluing their firm and its also recognize thenecessity of doing so variations that differentiate between what is acceptable in which it is possible toidentify certain values or responsibilities safe regardless of what local ornational their shareholders to ensure that the company is in such a way as to ensure that justice and their investment There are however many barriers an individual to behaveunethically Other barriers identified by Miller and Jentz include encouraging justice and diversity not in any way as an undue burden placed and their companies can maximizeshareholder value and meet other obligations J K Tate U Bautista A Leadership in Western ethical decision-making in marketing Journal March Miller R L Jentz O C Marketing Boston Houghton Mifflin Schwartz P When
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