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Essay Subject: Violations in China and Russia.... More...

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Paper Abstract: Violations in China and Russia. History of human rights abuses of both governments. Totalitarianism human rights abuses. Dependence of people upon government socialism for survival. Present-day situation. Need for improved human rights. Desire of both countries to modernize economies and social institutions and be integrated with international democratic institutions. Paper Introduction: Human Rights China & Russia Introduction The issue of human rights is a problematic one with respect to both China and Russia. Centuries of human rights abuses have been maintained by governments in both countries. There mere mention of Tiananmen Square or Josef Stalin conjure up images of bloody, repressive regimes in which human rights are routinely abused by powerful and totalitarian leaders. The collapse of the former Soviet Union and both China’s and Russia’s economic need to become integrated with democratic institutions Text of the Paper: The entire text of the paper is shown below. However, the text is somewhat scrambled. We want to give you as much information as we possibly can about our papers and essays, but we cannot give them away for free. In the text below you will find that while disordered, many of the phrases are essentially intact. From this text you will be able to get a solid sense of the writing style, the concepts addressed, and the sources used in the research paper. Many members of the media,intellectuals, and others continue to be imprisoned because of opposinggovernment policies. (Mar 1995). The Information Office of the State Council issued the document thatclaims "2 marked a milestone in China's march toward modernization, asthe country witnessed both sound economic performance and continued advancein its human rights cause" (China, 2 1, 1). As such, only increasedinternational opposition to human rights violations in China and Russia bythe international community will work as a means of improving the humanrights situation in each country. The St. One distinction between China and Russia is that Russia is crime-ridden and controlled by large numbers of Mafiosi which is not the case inChina. In both countries there is a strong desire tomodernize economies and social institutions. In April of 2 1, Chinaissued a White Paper entitled Progress in China's Human Rights Cause in2 . The government labels many of these individuals"spies", like one man recently sentenced to thirteen years in prison forallegedly providing "secrets" to two scholars. The government unleashed aprogram known as Strike Hard, which is designed to crackdown on separatistsin Xinjiang but is marketed as a crime reduction campaign. It isonly a coalition of powerful international resistance that will help cutthrough centuries of secrecy, corruption, and obstinacy on behalf ofregimes in both countries. ReferencesAnonymous. Russia's former Commissionerfor Human Rights, Sergey Kovalyev, decried former President Yeltsin'sactions in Chechnya. Officials also point to newly enacted social programsthat aid the poor as evidence of their commitment to improve human rights.In 2 the Regulations on Providing Judicial Assistance for LitigantsActually in Financial Difficult were enacted as a means of providing poorpeople with a guarantee of legal assistance to help protect their rights.The government also claims that its minority ethnic groups receive not onlyall rights of Chinese citizens under the Constitution but they also havesome special rights granted to them in laws specifically relating to ethnicminorities. During some human rights abuses, Russian leaders argue that thosebeing violated are members of drug smuggling groups, hit men, orextortionists. For example, itsdesire to win the 2 8 Olympics has been successful but it lost its bid forthe Olympics in 2 primarily due to fierce U.S. China issues White Paper in Human Rights. The government instituted the practice of making town politicalmeetings public. There mere mention of Tiananmen Square orJosef Stalin conjure up images of bloody, repressive regimes in which humanrights are routinely abused by powerful and totalitarian leaders. In Russia, the government sponsored slaughter of thousands ofinnocent people in Grozny illustrates the unrest among the people and theinstability of the government to ward off criticism by its own members(something historically quashed in Russia). Through controlof the military, judicial system, and economy the government is able tomanifest consensus for such actions. (Feb 13, 1995). Petersburg Times' list of humanrights violations and concerns, reads much like the list of controlsmaintained by the Chinese government in the above paragraph: "...thecontinued campaign in Chechnya, Kremlin proposals concerning politicalparties, freedom of the press and Kremlin-sponsored revisions of the LaborCode...when you add up all these ominous signs, the result is a clearthreat to civil liberties and the Constitution" (Rhetoric, 2 1, 1).Russia continues its campaign against Chechnya despite widespreadinternational criticism. In the same year the governmentdetained members of internationally respected media outlets such as UnitedPress International (UPI), The Washington Post, NBC, CBS, and The WallStreet Journal. The New Leaderis the only one of the articles for this research that appears toillustrate the severity of the problems with respect to human rightsviolations and government complicity in these countries. This, in turn, reduces individualism, lowersproductivity, and harms the economy. This creates a demand formore government services when needs go unmet, which increases the power andcontrol of the state. In Russia, the same kinds of human rights abuses and flawed socialinstitutions also exist. Despite such charges, there aremany who disagree with such a portrait of the tiny state: "The notion thata tiny state of a little more than 1 million inhabitants directs mostcriminal activity, especially arms smuggling, throughout Russia is on itsface absurd; the idea that this threat can be eliminated by wiping out awhole city and killing tens of thousands of innocent people is monstrous"(Brumberg, 1995, 4). The main kind of human rights violations being carriedout today deal with restrictions on freedom of expression and assembly inopposition to the policies of the government. Xinhua, 1-3.Anonymous. NATO has as its chief commitment thepromotion of rule and law and staunch opposition to human rightsviolations. Among moredangerous character tendencies, the New Leader labels Grachev an outrightliar: "Grachev has proved to be an obscene liar (only about 6 Russianlives, he declared, have been lost in Chechnya); he has resurrected classicStalinist terminology by calling Kovalyev a 'traitor to Russia' and anotherprominent critic, Sergei Yushenkov, 'a vile reptile'" (Brumberg, 1995, 3).Regardless of Grachev, Kovalyev and other critics of human rightsviolations and government control have begun to speak out more often andare more numerous than any time before in Russian history. In Russia after an outright massacre in Grozny,Yeltsin stood behind his Defense Minister, Pavel S. (Jan 23, 2 1). Both countries wish to befully integrated with international democratic institutions like the WorldTrade Organization, the U.N., NATO and others. The country's judicial system is a mockery withrespect to receiving a fair and impartial trial: "Few legal safeguardsexist in China to ensure fair trials, and the judicial system is controlledat every level by CCP political-legal committees that may determine theoutcome of cases before the court hears evidence presented at trial"(China, 1995, 3). The Chinese government continues to suppress dissentingopinions and maintains political control over the legal system, resultingin an arbitrary and sometimes abusive judicial regime" (China, 1995, 1).In Russia, the history of human rights abuses is one of infamy and legend.In the midst of enormous economic, political, and social change,contemporary Russia is still the scene of heinous human rights abuses. Human Rights China & Russia Introduction The issue of human rights is a problematic one with respect to bothChina and Russia. New Leader, 78(2), 3-5. Russia's political, social, and economic spheres continue toremain in a state of massive change and instability. Grachev. Centuries of human rights abuses have been maintained bygovernments in both countries. This is one of the main ways the government controls andoppresses any opposition to its absolute power. Similarly, China is pressured by international states andoften acquiesces on some issues due to such pressure. The St. (Apr 9, 2 1). As globalization and democraticinstitutions begin to emerge around the globe, the international communityis in a powerful position to sanction those countries that refuse tomodernize and practice barbaric methods of resolving social unrest. Because of this the people aredependent upon government socialism to survive. Russia, similarly, hopes to become afull partner with other NATO member states on key decisions through theproposed NATO-Russia Council. For example, in 1995 the Robert F.Kennedy Memorial Center for Human Rights, proclaimed: "Human rightsviolations in the People's Republic of China (PRC) remain systematic andwidespread. In 1994, the governmentpersecuted more than 2 writers, journalists and editors they found to bein violation of such restrictions. Yeltsin's Chechnya problem - and ours. Rhetoric is a bad defense of rights. Thecollapse of the former Soviet Union and both China's and Russia's economicneed to become integrated with democratic institutions around the worldhave witnessed some progress against human rights abuses in each country.Nevertheless, recent actions by the governments of both China and Russiademonstrate that human rights abuses still routinely occur in each with thesupport of the respective governments. The Chinese government still maintains strict controls on a varietyof institutions and over individual rights. Petersburg Times, 1.Brumberg, A. China: Human rights fact sheet. The PRC police detained members of the media forinterviewing Chinese dissidents and students. In China, the government maintains it is also making significantprogress toward reducing human rights violations. Available: http://www.christusrex.org/www1/sdc/hr_facts.html, 1-7.Anonymous. One example of this kindof control is the fact that these guidelines insist that news coverage is8 % positive and 2 % negative (China, 1995, 2). There are strict regulationson and the government maintains absolute control over independentorganizing (the right to assemble), free speech and the media, andreligious expression. All of these factors posit enormouspower to control the people in the hands of the state. In China, severe controls are maintained on freedom of expression.Government leaders still require journalists, editors, and publishers tofollow all CCP Propaganda Department guidelines. China & Russia One of the main similarities between the totalitarianism thatmanifests human rights abuses in both China and Russia is the centralizedplanning and socialist nature of the State. Thewar in Chechnya witnessed the Russian army razing the capital town ofGrozny, where an estimated 25, people - Chechens and Russians - havebeen massacred (Brumberg, 1995, 3). Others who supported Yeltsin did the same. Russian President Vladimir Putin continues tomouth words in support of the Constitution, the rule of law, and humanrights, but many critics of Russia's human rights violations feel suchdeclarations are mere rhetoric. While government controlis China is seldom challenged, the government appears content of late tomaintain control by using less bloody tactics than those with which it usedto be associated. At the end of the document, the Chinese government states: "Inlight of China's national conditions and according to people's wishes, andwith the aim of building a democratic, modernized country with advancesculture and under the rule of law, the Chinese government will acceleratedevelopment and continuously push forward the development of human rightscause in China while maintaining social stability" (China, 2 1, 3). Russia has argued the case that Chechnya is a nest of suchtypes, a cancer on the Russian landscape. It is such enormouspower and a well-equipped military base that provides the stage on whichboth Chinese and Russian regimes carry out human rights abuses. Some real advances have beenmade. For example, China promotedreductions in human rights violations in order to help provide its entryinto the World Trade Organization. opposition. This analysis will compare thesimilarities and differences between China and Russia with respect to humanrights abuses. Both governments have enormouspower and control over the economy. Those who break theguidelines restricting freedom of speech are dealt with harshly by thegovernment: "Sanctions for infringements range from official criticism ofthe coverage to the demotion, firing or imprisonment of the individualsresponsible and the closing or banning of the offending publication"(China, 1995, 2). Resolutions The resolutions for an end to human rights violations in China andRussia are similar. WhileRussia's economy, society, and government may be experiencing more upheavaland chaos than China's, both countries are still guilty of solving socialissues through the use of military force. Employingtanks to resolve disputes is reminiscent of the Tiananmen Square disasterin Beijing in 1989. China's governmentenjoys a greater stability than the current level of unrest andcriminalization that is eroding Russian society. With respect to human rights violations, China's might be said to bemore tightly controlled and restricted with respect to absolute power andauthority. If this paper is not what you are looking for, you can search again: Search for: or Click here to request an essay written just for you.