GENDER IN CORRECTIONS FIELD.   Term Paper ID:23058 Click to get this paper

Essay Subject: Examines theories (social learning, gender role, symbolic interaction & stress) to explain why more men than women work as corrections officers.... More...

6 Pages / 1350 Words 13 sources, 23 Citations, APA Format $48.00 Return to List of Papers

Paper Abstract: Examines theories (social learning, gender role, symbolic interaction & stress) to explain why more men than women work as corrections officers. Paper Introduction: WOMEN IN CORRECTIONS Introduction This research examines the issue of women in the occupation of corrections officer. The objective of this research is to offer theoretical explanations for the disparity in numbers between female and male position holders in this occupation. The labor participation rate in the United States is 61.5 percent (Bureau of Labor Statistics, 1995, pp. 55-91). For males, the participation rate is 72 percent, while for females, the participation rate is 51.8 percent. Women comprise 43.0 percent of the total American workforce; however, women represent only 15.3 percent of American corrections officers. Currently, a little more than 27,000 of the nation's 180,000 corrections officers and 1,200 adult-prison wardens are women The number of co Text of the Paper: The entire text of the paper is shown below. However, the text is somewhat scrambled. We want to give you as much information as we possibly can about our papers and essays, but we cannot give them away for free. In the text below you will find that while disordered, many of the phrases are essentially intact. From this text you will be able to get a solid sense of the writing style, the concepts addressed, and the sources used in the research paper. in this occupation The labor participation rate of the total Americanworkforce however women represent only percent prisoners is bothcustodial and rehabilitative in character is expected peacekeepers and transport inmates to workdetails The field requires strong criminal justice are helpfulfor top positions Related career paths are in-housetraining Gender-Based Theories Gender equality emerged as a salient of women The socialsubordination of women in society has occurred societal inequities between females and males tend to view people as either active Helms p Active concepts of human development by contrast by a variety of factors These factors may rangefrom overt education and training to prepare them for correctionsresponsibilities individuals involved in interpersonalconflict situations are not strongly influences the decision of the party makingsuch a that conflicts of value and interest orinherent Babbie p Psychological Theories Ulmer Babbie p Symbolic interactionismemphasizes connections between shared meanings individual identitythrough social interactions within the organizational structure Identityrefers to to move from apersonal perception actions and verbalstatements of significant others within the organizational relies on the use of symbols Symbolic interactionists an individual who is a part Gross Larson Urban and Zupan onset of significant physical and mentalhealth problems stress Two primary sources of occupational stress have Stressors associated with the organizational environment arereferred to development the inability of an individual role ambiguity conflicting task demands vary widely Workers may simply resort a few ofliterally dozens of stress-outcomes outcomes of the effects of occupational stressors however such of corrections officerpositions A societal belief rd ed New York New YorkUniversity Press Bureau of Labor life course New York Tavistock Publications S J Urban G D Zupan S Structured social inequality nd ed New York decisions to avoid or confrontconflict Journal of Genetic of this research is to offertheoretical explanations for theparticipation rate is percent while officers and adult-prison wardens are women The number of and well-beingof prisoners at the federal state local and juvenile degree in criminal justice psychology or sociology and a driver's license Oncehired they receive an Genderequality or the reverse side of the justification by a patriarchal societyand a stimulus-response theory into a comprehensiveexplanation of human critical significanceof one's environment to the overall governing their own development The under representation of that lead to bias in selectionand recruitment dominant roles in interpersonal conflictsituations through a process described in the other party Peterson and Peterson pp found that as analternative to structural-functional theory Heller p Proponents of conflict The conflict paradigmdescribes social life of symbolic interaction theory Theinteractionist paradigm views social organization asa social group and that within the organization as positions p This development according to theperson assumes the role of the generalized other Through interpretive process used by theperson with things in those situations Ulmer p Thesesubjective interpretations are and actively create the specialmeanings of an application of stress theory Job-related stress affects the level subordinates Stressors in organizational environments have beeninvestigated within the of what are called task-related stressors Thesecond and Zupan pp Context-relatedstressors typically develop as three Task-related stressors as indicated above aredirectly related to the participation in decision-making and insecurity among others Stress-outcomes associated communication problems Workers also may get sick or may additionalhigh profile and easily identifiable outcomes of occupational Ingrained social conditioning likely accounts for the continuingdisparity social research th ed Belmont California partner in premarital relationships Journal of nd ed New York Macmillan Publishing Company Social learning theory and developmentalpsychology Developmental Psychology Heller C C Peterson J L December T Occupational socialization and cynicism towardprison administration WOMEN IN CORRECTIONS Introduction This research examines the issue of in the United States is percent Bureau of Americancorrections officers Currently a little to grow percentby Corrections officers leadership and administrative skills aswell as a teachers counselors andhealth-care providers Guards are generally expected political and legal issue in theUnited States through the processdescribed by social learning theory The subordination of within asociety Barry p The origins of social learning theory orpassive in interactions with their environments withpassive concepts hold that individuals are not discriminatory policies on the part of the Miller pp found that society often controlled by societal scripting that the oneparty in the perception to either confront or avoid in all forms of human society pp suggested that the disparity in numbersbetween female and or symbols and actions andcommunications or interactions self-meanings in a role p Roles are of I the spontaneous self to a personal perceptionof structure Meaning thus arises in the process hold that human action cannot be understoodapart from the of the situation Itis according to social interactionists pp suggested that thedisparity in numbers between female and male In the organizational environment stress has beenimplicated in the been identified The firstsource of these stressors is the as context-related Context-related stressors are topursue successfully achievement goals within work overloador work under load inadequate to daydreaming orfantasizing Alternatively employees may react more actively by that may result from the effects outcomes are among the most that corrections is man's work Statistics Current labor statistics MonthlyLabor Review Buunk Dahrendorf R Social structure group interests L Spring Gender differences in occupational stress among Macmillan PublishingCompany pp Miller J B February Women's and men's Psychology Turner J S Helms D B Lifespan development th the disparity in numbers between female andmale position holders for females the participation rateis percent Women comprise percent corrections officers whose work with levels Theymaintain security act as andmanagement training and an advanced degree in average of from five-to-nine weeks of coin gender-based discrimination asan issue emanates from the social subordination basis for economic practices that facilitate the development andmaintenance of behavior Grusec pp Varioustheories of human development often development of the individual Turner women in the occupation of correctionsofficer may be caused to societal phenomena which cause fewer women to receivethe necessary by gender role theory Buunk found that even when such perceptions about the other party in an interpersonalconflict situation theory contend that structural-functional theoryeither neglects the empirical fact as a struggle among competing individuals and groups life as a process of interactionsamong individuals a social group individuals develop both their own self-concept and social interactionists allows a person this behavioralprocess the person derives meanings from the nonverbal he or she encounters p The interpretiveprocess derived from the definition of the situationfrom the perspective of self others and situations p of perceived job satisfaction Stress haslong been associated with the context of occupational or on-the-job source of occupational stressors is the organizational environmentitself a result flawed organizational structures ineffective organizational specific characteristics of the job itself Thesestressors involve with occupational stressors both task andcontext tend to terminatetheir relationship with the organization These actions are just stressors Reductions in effectiveness productivity and satisfaction are less easilyidentifiable in numbers between female and male holders Wadsworth Publishing Company Barry K Female sexual slavery SocialPsychology Cohen G Social change and the pp Gross G R Larson C S General introduction In Heller C Fight or flight Factors influencing children's and adults' Social science Journal women in the occupation ofcorrections officer The objective of Labor Statistics pp For males more than of the nation's corrections are charged with the custody sense of fairness and compassion Education requirements are abachelor's to have a high-schooldiploma or graduate-equivalency degree GED in the s Gutek Larwood pp women providesboth the philosophical basis for a lies in attempts to combinepsychoanalytic and Cohen p Apassive concept of human development emphasizes the passive beings but rather are capable of actively organization toingrained attitudes within an organization scripts women forpassive roles and men for conflict situation often assumes that such societal scriptingis present the conflict Conflict theory is a sociological proposition offered or treats such conflicts in only asecondary context Dahrendorf p male corrections officers may be explained throughanalysis within the context Ulmer p In relation toorganizational studies social interactionists conceive an shared normsapplied by occupants of social Me the social self through a role taking behavior wherein of interaction between people p Meanings are modified through an subjective interpretations assigned to situations by theindividuals involved through social interaction that individuals apply broad shared symbols holders of corrections officerpositions may be explained through deterioration of performance efficiency by both managersand job itself The specific characteristicsof a job are the source external to the tasks associated with ajob Gross Larson Urban an organization or somecombination of all resource support no provision formeaningful creatinginterpersonal and intraorganizational conflicts involving escalating levelof ofoccupational stressors Absenteeism and substance abuse are two debilitating for both the organization andfor the individual Conclusion continues toprevail References Babbie E The practice of B P December Conflict resolution styles attributedto self and and conflictgroups In Heller C S Structured social inequality correctional officers American Journal of Criminal Justice Grusec J E scripts forinterpersonal conflict Psychology of Women Quarterly Peterson ed New York Holt Rinehart and Winston Ulmer J in this occupation The labor participation rate of the total Americanworkforce however women represent only percent prisoners is bothcustodial and rehabilitative in character is expected peacekeepers and transport inmates to workdetails The field requires strong criminal justice are helpfulfor top positions Related career paths are in-housetraining Gender-Based Theories Gender equality emerged as a salient of women The socialsubordination of women in society has occurred societal inequities between females and males tend to view people as either active Helms p Active concepts of human development by contrast by a variety of factors These factors may rangefrom overt education and training to prepare them for correctionsresponsibilities individuals involved in interpersonalconflict situations are not strongly influences the decision of the party makingsuch a that conflicts of value and interest orinherent Babbie p Psychological Theories Ulmer Babbie p Symbolic interactionismemphasizes connections between shared meanings individual identitythrough social interactions within the organizational structure Identityrefers to to move from apersonal perception actions and verbalstatements of significant others within the organizational relies on the use of symbols Symbolic interactionists an individual who is a part Gross Larson Urban and Zupan onset of significant physical and mentalhealth problems stress Two primary sources of occupational stress have Stressors associated with the organizational environment arereferred to development the inability of an individual role ambiguity conflicting task demands vary widely Workers may simply resort a few ofliterally dozens of stress-outcomes outcomes of the effects of occupational stressors however such of corrections officerpositions A societal belief rd ed New York New YorkUniversity Press Bureau of Labor life course New York Tavistock Publications S J Urban G D Zupan S Structured social inequality nd ed New York decisions to avoid or confrontconflict Journal of Genetic of this research is to offertheoretical explanations for theparticipation rate is percent while officers and adult-prison wardens are women The number of and well-beingof prisoners at the federal state local and juvenile degree in criminal justice psychology or sociology and a driver's license Oncehired they receive an Genderequality or the reverse side of the justification by a patriarchal societyand a stimulus-response theory into a comprehensiveexplanation of human critical significanceof one's environment to the overall governing their own development The under representation of that lead to bias in selectionand recruitment dominant roles in interpersonal conflictsituations through a process described in the other party Peterson and Peterson pp found that as analternative to structural-functional theory Heller p Proponents of conflict The conflict paradigmdescribes social life of symbolic interaction theory Theinteractionist paradigm views social organization asa social group and that within the organization as positions p This development according to theperson assumes the role of the generalized other Through interpretive process used by theperson with things in those situations Ulmer p Thesesubjective interpretations are and actively create the specialmeanings of an application of stress theory Job-related stress affects the level subordinates Stressors in organizational environments have beeninvestigated within the of what are called task-related stressors Thesecond and Zupan pp Context-relatedstressors typically develop as three Task-related stressors as indicated above aredirectly related to the participation in decision-making and insecurity among others Stress-outcomes associated communication problems Workers also may get sick or may additionalhigh profile and easily identifiable outcomes of occupational Ingrained social conditioning likely accounts for the continuingdisparity social research th ed Belmont California partner in premarital relationships Journal of nd ed New York Macmillan Publishing Company Social learning theory and developmentalpsychology Developmental Psychology Heller C C Peterson J L December T Occupational socialization and cynicism towardprison administration If this paper is not what you are looking for, you can search again: Search for: or Click here to request an essay written just for you.