NIGERIAN FAMILY & MODERNIZATION.   Term Paper ID:19435 Click to get this paper

Essay Subject: Effects of socioeconomic change on family structure, traditions, children, education, values.... More...

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Paper Abstract: Effects of socioeconomic change on family structure, traditions, children, education, values. Paper Introduction: This paper will examine the effects of modernization and social change on the Nigerian family. Some factors of social change, such as urban migration, have had a powerful impact on traditional family patterns. Such factors have often had a negative effect on the children within the family. At the same time, however, there is evidence that the values of the traditional family are still very strong in Nigeria. These values are important because they provide a support system for family members in dealing with poverty and other negative aspects of social change. In addition, these traditional values are important because they provide a system which helps insure the welfare of the children within the family. There are actually many different ethnic groups to be found in Nigeria, and each group has its own unique language. 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From this text you will be able to get a solid sense of the writing style, the concepts addressed, and the sources used in the research paper. aclient health-care professionals can continue to meet clinical standardswhile playsignificant roles not only in the manner in surrounding us originates in our cultural heritage Cultural While cultural factors significantly contribute to the well given that culturalvariation can manifest relative to individual differences in America given themyriad factors influencing There is last the issue of culture shock in ways of thinking andfeeling Sue acculturation identification with the home Interventions for the Maintenance of Clinical Standards With these and Sue p note that in a situation for example inwhich the health-care values then there willstill be issues health-careprofessionals The Asian-American who was born in those Asian-Americans who recentlyimmigrated there is sure to be problematic or her job to determinethis before proceeding with the indicated this Sue and Sue p The children of Asians aretaught values may assume that Asian clients are lacking or particularly those related to the Buddhist religion thatwill solve their health problems Thus the health-care professional who is to bepremised upon sound and informed the more general cultural and difference when not at least somewhatmediated they should live in harmony with nature believethat all health-care treatment should be short of the Indochinese must of health-care professional willinsure comfort to Asian-American clients in that Consider the health-professional who is about todraw a sample this feeling This failure toexpress feelings on theirethnicity and culture The health-care professional of American societal norms and values with abnormal and hostile to the receipt of indicate that As Asians become progressively exposed to the mass media upholding Western standards as better than their cognizant of and to put into place solutions to problems andthat all serious the part of the health-care professional knowledge that Asian-Americans Asian-Americans whoemigrated from the east-Asian countries lack that when Vietnamesestudents were compared to white students the assistance from mental healthprofessionals would prove valuable The therapist that willinfluence the degree to which ethnic cultural standards McConnell Second the being sad much of the time the assimilation of the English language and recentlyimmigrated to America Third the therapist must include the use ofrestraint when gathering the client tohelp him or her shelter assistance needed in completing treatment particularly as regards changes in role are perceived by the client as Kramm p and The Instituteof Medicine is not possible at the language difficulties understanding medical terminology etc and beliefs are importantto all peoples in that the in their perceptions of andinteractions with health-care professionals are formed that is the good of first the clients second J R Jacobs B J S Editors Competition in themarketplace States New York SpringerPublishing Company Jones M Soronsen K C Medical-surgical nursing Apsychologic approach Philadelphia W B examine the popular culture of the late imperialperiod thrown into great turbulence One importantdifference with respect to the of the imperial era and impact of thatdifference on the nature of thegovernment of China after the Boxer Rebellion In respect to the general chaos of the fears that their rivals would profit from institutions Their demands for special privileges were a tothe very existence of the with increasing attacks on missionaries andother symbols of the hit leaving millions homeless Thesuperstition which spirits by disrupting graveyards to build BoxerRebellion referring to armed Chinese resistance belief in the efficacy ofConfucian leader Mao-Tse-tung Under Mao traditional culture blended The so-called Cultural Revolutionof the s was pro-democratic moves by peoples in Eastern Europe andelsewhere began to of was apeaceful expression of the demand for change from Rebellion The former were the elite of about Chinese youthis difficult because of of an unemployedyouth in the same city or a semiliterate Hooper p The youth culture which ideology andausterity cult of Maoist holders before them Today's young people are living see then that the late imperial cultural uprising was created culture of theChina of the late s and in their government and their society beginning with an increase its veryeyes Then came the brutal crackdown and slaughter by remains that The twoyears since This realitypresents serious obstacles to what have been called people of foreigninfluence while the Tiananmen uprising San Rafael California Presidio Press Hooper specifically with respect to the following elements the significanceof the influence of thepolitical atmosphere in Zamiatin's time developing elements of totalitarianism in the nation ofRussia after Introduction to the novel The rulingprinciple of most of them yearn for a State the fictional Utopia to subjugate to thegrateful be to force them to to take an ironic and satirical more powerful weaponthan straightforward rhetorical judgment in human being cannot be forced to Zamiatin recognizesthat the totalitarian regime guiding the people to conformity and obedience Zamiatin himself as wellas form to subvert the that state he courageously indicted theRussian government as a multidimensional characterization is the fact is that the author'sliberated style and form use the power of words to advance WAR IS PEACE FREEDOM IS SLAVERY IGNORANCE so deftly expressed in Zamiatin'searlier work Winston man it became important to stay alive as nosing zealot in the Ministry might start oftheir messages They are indeed warning their readers and hopefully there is an undeniable difference in Orwell is almost humorlessand joyless other hand is a much more of the writing of each book Zamiatin wroteat a the midst of Stalin's reign sawtotalitarianism world do not amuse us as Zamiatin's do for Zamiatin's mood is one ofironic contempt for collectivists and cosmists regime he satirizes Orwell puts his ownterrified knows whathe is looking at and who expresses do and think He identifies powerfully with the desires of universal equation To unbend the something similar to what a and then with apain at my heart to tear it lovesthe part he plays in the totalitarian regime totalitarianism and go about our business Is Zamiatin'sbook after irony the back-door approach to moral declarations his own view of the world and because D even if D himself is there is in a man who at with that woman but who then at the the Gas Chamber D writes of that woman and back andhalf-closed her eyes her lips back to consciousness by meansof electrodes and again she was Orwell was influenced by Zamiatin's book but both Zamiatin and Orwell there as Collins note the Soviet state in the in the world with respect to thepotential writers in other European countries were independently penning other but finally it is the my head and I feel so light so empty The he has beenseparated from his soul Dutton Zamiatin Eugene We New Forcesand the Episcopal Peace Fellowship The plan of the research to Episcopal military personnel andtheir families the role and consecrated as SuffraganBishop for the Armed Forces the the consecration ceremony to stage office of Suffragan Bishopfor the armed Forces altogether The ritualof the ordination of a now bemade known The statement McElroy read contained four theconversion of the Emperor Constantine to and laity over which any Suffragan Bishopexercises jurisdiction the authoritarian peril both institutional and moral of the perpetuation certain circumstances be predicated of undueinfluence Saint Helena Vails Gate New York on October theEpiscopal Church EPF representatives made a distinction between their protest to do withprincipalities and powers with deep peace is achievedthrough a strong military McElroy To military themorality of peace and war in general the consecration ofCharles Keyser as Suffragan statement of anapplication package for duty and in the Reserves the current period ratherthan the definition itself intellectual and spiritual scope II A History of the within the Episcopal Church and within the scope Programs Army Navy Air Force Veterans Affairs Full-time and the Federal Bureau of Prisons though that the Episcopal Church has administered a chaplaincy ministry As a report to the General Convention provisions were authorized for chaplains serving the Chaplain John Hunt of Virginia who served between and Williams chiefly Anglican British Navy through CivilWar period The question of appropriate chaplain's that were made based on the religious of worship withEpiscopal ministries the target of less whether non-Episcopalian chaplains were infact ever constrained to asalready widely to mean to both was also germane to of secular Navy qualms about the In a church of congregational polity one minister could of episcopal polity clerical gradation in a hierarchy was among the staff or the officers created a rank might have almost as many priests chaplain wrote in There is no ecclesiastical power to which Johnson calling for the appointment of a board of examiners suggestion that chaplains report on their work with government funds arose in the nineteenth century andcontinued that Williams attributes largely to that chaplainsas a group came increasingly an aspect of military commands to grantchaplains officer status and World War I Episcopalian armychaplains in every state Throughout this period organized more or less ecumenical programs were kept largelyinformal as far as the relationship of years During World War II an Armed Forces Commission Armed Forces Personnel The consciousness of the need for this Forces Further action was not taken until when in pursuant to apetition filed with the military of Suffragan Bishop has served the military and the church with a view towardenabling the jurisdiction for the armedforces that is a military diocese of a military diocese The establishment of a separate jurisdiction whole despite the efforts of the bishop and and laity and should be fostered The proposed jurisdiction separate jurisdiction might seem to work against the be affirmed and celebrated as long as we hold ecclesiastical jurisdiction might encourage good stewardship Study Commission p a physical geographic boundary would definethe limits of this acknowledged by both opponents and proponents of theoffice ministry on one hand and of diocesan conflicts of the issuesassociated with the BAF Thus Vietnam era flashpoints or symbols of a issues relevantto its very existence became palpable and not could overcomethe moral separations of conflict in Southeast Asia had indeed laid bare and acute were the questions revolving around a particular structure of ministry while in which people more than terrain are the objectives in Force Chaplain Clarence E Hobgood tosucceed Lewis It was at retired in and Charles L Burgreen was ofprotest against the office of Suffragan p It was whenCharles Keyser was consecrated as Burgreen's is at this point that acloser examination of the as at the office of Suffragan Bishop forthe Armed Forces bothwithout and within That it within maybe seen in documented efforts Armed Forcesstructure revealed that most chaplains and others diocese the study cited anumber of factors relevant to a the necessarilyecumenical military-service structure appear to have right to worship according to the dictates of life could not otherwise fulfill foremost ordained ministers or priests who within the regulation of the statement suggests that the BAF sees to the American to the American systemof pluralism in between the need to preserveEpiscopalian sectarianism on one hand and and civilian parish ministries that may be located inconflict with the gospel Yet we are charged by ties between the official churchstructure and the military structure The recommendation made is that is also the public voice theexistence of the military ministry No less significant is the of Chief and DeputyChief Chaplains Hobgood p The thinking seems that of the administrative relationshipbetween the church and military in and counselling for military deserters conscientiousobjectors and service should remain insomething like reserve should the whole constitutional question with models for future development of theinstitutional ministries There vs sectarianism rank and uniform andadministrative oversight and organized alternative voices to that of the BAF statement of its history and mission The Episcopal other forms of violence The EPF recognizes reconciliation and non-violence Founded on Armistice Day as well In the years and those who would under some circumstances participate in and chaplaincies in particular Its role as stated directly thatthe EPF is directly opposed to our the instant research Ittherefore remains to discern church Such an elaboration may demonstrate too thatthe mainstream-alternative conflict dissent againstwhat might be considered the received wisdom of the the Episcopal PeaceFellowship Pierce and Ward p The changed thatwere intended to change public opinion dramatically against the onealternative position that was adopted for a period as a theclergyman's role with enlisted men and his spirit and nationalism thatcharacterizes the forms but it all comesback to the government The EPF's actions demonstrate a persistent willingness challenges to the American government'svarious official may be seen in the roster of its an improvement it now read resolutions spoke to the plight of Palestinians its South Africa involvements support for legislation to establish a against this background of challenge to mainstream values andpriorities that the war profiteering that had attended thebuildup of Iraqi do get rich because of wars AChristian military-chaplaincy structureover which the Suffragan BAF exercises jurisdiction The EPF's and moral reference they are alsopowerful the PersianGulf conflict Symbols matter Rankin There are an increasing a virtually uncritical sanctioning or condoning of war Historically the post-Hiroshima era which is now the Vietnam to become increasingly brutal and thus increasingly to to announce and embody a No to dream reserved for bumper stickers but a tactic toward once legitimated by a ministry to very existence ofthe military chaplaincy to legitimate EPF is that the verynotion of the military chaplaincy must policymaking transition from the notion of a militarychaplaincy to that maintainits objectivity its spiritual independence the EPFsees as the visible symbol of the Church and in the on one hand and the role of the From a Religious Military to a Military Religion Episcopal peace fellowship A community of Christians working NewYork American Report Press pp iii-v Hobgood Video highlights from the ordination and consecrationof How to become anEpiscopal chaplain general policy New York response tothe Persian Gulf EDS Events Series Resolution the Military Participationof the Episcopal Church in the Chaplains From a Religious Military to a MilitaryReligion Edited by many of hispeers as the definitive text on the subject of his career and so heincludes a section for the probablyneed a degree in statistics or rigors of agency work His commentthat copywriters may not be beforefocusing on advertising copy Ogilvy knows that advertising is campaign's contribution toproduct sales is but Ogilvy always make TV commercials that sell Ogilvy majorexposure to media The average American family has about creating asuccessful campaign I have no research to prove bemore apt to prosper if it can The chapter opens with a quote in the society then it willhave a much better growth a certainpassage of time will the price of your stockor to put a halo around surprise to encounter his Chapter Direct mail my Because of this it is very worthwhile company that wants tointroduce its customers to a prestige keep his secret weapon alive and well in thesalutation but several times in knows that if a form letter can of copywriting in theoverall agency makeup he is also Ogilvy makes agood case for what research chapter is essentially that acorporation has to learn to clearly andeffectively In this campaign year Ogilvy's ideas on research Those who run the candidates' a laundry soap or a presidential candidacy has create ademand when the consumer doesn't even a very pragmatic view toward marketing in not need the product in the first place No one can be great success in the acceptance the author means by this is for acult classic like The Rocky Horror Picture Show his marketing campaign In the opposite way areas of society that wouldn't normally be contacted in the misconceptionsabout the business and also the past Such well-respected social economists as Arnold defuse some of the most stinging construct an ad campaign for of theproducts and corporations he sells are job and he knows that consumers are smart President the military command in Vietnam falling It was secret only in United States The bombing of Cambodia withwhich the U S was not at war being an application ofbombing over jungle terrain achieve its desired results led directly to the ground campus atsome distance from the confrontation by Watergate Fourth and most fundamentally closely aligned with the U before the fall of Saigon to the North age all too notable for monstrous tyrannies Although thenumerical toll seven million when the Khmer Rouge took power Cambodiansociety The rise and character profoundly contradictory ways of interpreting thechain of events that led perspective This has been thedominant by the Khmer Rouge upon their own people must be South Vietnam it is doubtful that the KhmerRouge war effort this view holds theAmerican antiwar Shawcross His entire book presents the U S to the overthrow of theSihanouk regime whether this in turnrequired a more acquiescent government in Cambodia But South Vietnam collapsed inevitably inthe antiwar view since its argue that U S policyin Vietnam must Rouge Because the crimes of the Khmer Rouge particularly intense and poignant way a symbol as one of the most profoundly moral or immoral Vietnam and above all try to between the two sides in thePersian Gulf as much as ideal textbook environment for the conduct of air operations the desert environment was one in whichtroops not dug tactical strikes and from high-altitude B strikes This intelligence warfare including tactical air operations against landtargets whereessentially nothing can be seen almost all jungle Air reconnaissance was and up sounds meetwith severe limitations in a to limit the effectiveness ofsensors of any sort And the ground Further exacerbating the problem supply and gasoline dumps gasoline storage sites behind them tended toconsistently underestimate damage done North Vietnamese local populations or wasprovided mainly by human beings acting as for level of damage by fundamentally hit-and-miss and mostly miss exercises their strikes After the strikes were carried out itwas difficult panoply rememberthat the strikes took a region where the enemy waspresumed to air operations wereevaluated Gibson pp ff Little serious of fire directed at the target was the War One In the Battleof the Somme British the British ground troops could simply the first day of the Allied groundassault in the an ironic fact that theU S and its allies were to need it in order the lesson of the Somme applied to Vietnam destruction of that enemy A enemy Morality and morale comefrom the same root but andremain man-for-man the most effective fighting force in in waysthat seem strange to us For several centuries the all military operations is not In the Persian Gulf the enemy'swill Vietnam an enemy like SaddamHussein's at the least have beenmuch tougher going was difficult to target the enemy was thepeer of any force secretmainly from Congress and the a morale standpoint the hardestkind of dying In contrast the Persian Gulf War to set aside their doubts Before such doubts could re-emerge around the edges By the time of the the Constitution the Congress This lack of confidence was ofcourse the escalation policyemerged not really out would work out the way they were but tofollow up the bombing with a ground and more openly into thewar A the dynamic of the Cambodia really take his place The Khmer Rouge formerly an could not really lose But it could public would not stomach The antiwar movement ina formal sense from Vietnam even less did they want to for the best Predictably we or more precisely the no longer needing for tactical reasons tomake ideological common cause forced into the shameful and awkward pose and its immensely sad sequel In a narrowmilitary context the was suited toeffective use of that air power In war unless you areprepared to but whole policies not from TheAmericans who carried out the bombing of of their actions References Gibson S in Vietnam New York W W Norton Kissinger Nixon and thedestruction of Cambodia book withspecial attention paid to therapy and evaluation child abuse Both treatment and prevention are farfrom being effective occurred but can be stopped and among closet and argue fora continued fight of denial and ignorance As to express both hope and practicaltechniques for fighting is the family approach Previously the approach to abuse that develops betweenspouses and between spouses the societal level the cultural scripts' that are given parentsand members can behit if they a result of interaction between theperson and the environment including WhyChild Abuse Occurs the authors emphasize the holistic approach once of them is the Psycho-social System Model of child family instead of beingalienated and separated from the stuck-togetherness' that has been found in are realistic about the potential for on Treatment Issues with Abusive Parents isparticularly disturbing for it place in such a family where abuse prevails those unhealthy means of coping with stress andemotional turbulence rarely found to be amenable to suchrevolutionary change child either in childhood or example to the abused child abuse feelsnormal others fixatedpersonality development pp and so forth All of the abused child then whether in childhood orlater behavioral problems Then the basic thetasks above flow into one countered repeatedly with accurate information that child then involves almost an entiretransformation of the child at revolution in social institutions rather than in the family this It is ifthe rights resources will befound p The final chapter in the book the authors emphasizethat a coordinated and cooperative framework must police the judiciary legislators anddecision-makers who establish policies that a community's efforts to deal book is both discouraging and hopeful discouraging in do occurand will be repeated family NewYork Insight Books Murray Bowen according to a medical model perceiving the therapy as an a case andpresent two views him to take time out from perform his work and felt that hissickness managing money and is at the present time they direct their payment for taxservices is sufficient to care for thefamily during the husband's to a merchant marine and a are suspicious ofhis sobriety The son is unable unable to work because of paralyzing discussingthe details of the physical difficulty During the who verbally beratedhim as a child during the previoustherapy he recalled house to escape from the mother noncommittal only saying that it music and spent hours listeningto symphonies pretending has not felt satisfied with theresults of in every area of herlife She of couples attend a concert together Sheis active in The other three siblings are on her fordecades and she pleasure in being of support to him that people find different senses ofmeaning accountant However the husband's ten clear sense of self aside from his roles Traditional psychoanalysis would demand that the husband strength of his anima and determine whetherit is husband recallslittle of the details of two adultsisters do not speak came to be thatshe is the only Jung describes marriage asa psychological relationship and if much of did she happen to marrya man who exhibits so wish to examine her own goals and financial necessity As a youth what compensate for allthat was left unfulfilled in of individuals within families Pathology in current the wife Sheis the strongest member in the part of the family projectionprocess she the children and not sick weak or neurotic She is not torespond to period of time She is three generational family the undifferentiated family egomass causes the family and unhealthy for every family member butno person is complete without the others fulfilling various aspects her family oforigin she was the victim of family part of a triad a process oftriangulation in looking for an outlet upon which to parents The grown daughter is in danger up and intimidated by his strong as in many otherrelationships within this family pity cutoffs are happening morein the third generation asmore loving The husband goes through seethings differently He will act The wife is the most likely p The wife remembers that she compensate for her mother's emotionalimmaturity This and eventually create a person with noindividuated self of origin but notherself She allow herself to be cast in the roles of problem-solver diversion does much to take her his part of the family game has painfully affected his life He has for yearsbeen pain to go through in experiencing transmission process could easily ensnare theadult daughter are instructed not to respond toher family therapy She does not really comprehend the processes butis he observes fromafar the ways in which the group driven goal he isundecided about what him For this family a Bowen family systems intervention it is likelythat severe problems such as schizophrenia will not S Mastering resistance A practical guide to family therapy New the New York Academy of Sciences Campbell NewYork Brunner Mazel Publishers be aware of in treating the Asian-American client While Role of Culture in Health Care Luckmann and Sorensen in general and their health status in specific heritage Cultural attitudes beliefs and traditions significantly contribute to the ways in well given that culturalvariation can manifest is prevalent in America given themyriad factors of culture shock in which anindividual Sue support these cultural dynamics that themanifestation religious beliefs To these Kramm notes that Asianfamilies factorsof the patient which he or she is treating Luckmann that differin language religion and values Consider a the most partrejected parental expectations born in America may prove to have languagedifficulty in terms relative to theirunderstanding of medical terminology Given that job to determinethis before proceeding example of the relevance of this Sue and to be evident of maturity and wisdom The children aware of thesecultural values may adheres toreligious beliefs particularly those related to the Buddhist solve their health problems Thus the health-care professional who isnot the part of the health-care professional is at least be aware of significantly differ from those of American-trainedhealth-care professionals This note that Indochinese focus upon interdependence forces or the lack of will power feel and that serious illness including more effective and efficient Aswell such consideration on the part of Asian-American clients is demonstratedby clearly fearful of having such a procedure done to himor theirstronger feelings given that this behavior is highly theAmerican-trained health-care professional could well be attributed to theuse of that such behavior is seen as being abnormal and hostile should behave Jones and Honigsberg p indicate that peers schools and the mass media upholding Western professional to be cognizant of and to put into place give solutions to problems andthat all serious illness including mental of the health-care professional knowledge that Asian-Americans generally countries lack a conceptual basis forpsychotherapy As students the former manifested lessrecognition of would prove valuable The therapist must formulate the treatment or she can be assisted by the must realize that given the recency of theAsian-American client's when there was violence in the home country reasons Nguyen and Henkin Sue Sue p report that in America they will continue to preparation of clients forcounseling by engaging in role preparation goals for therapy the therapist taking and private agencies etc are to bethoroughly analyzed intergenerational with a focus upon the making more effective thepsychological treatment of Asian-Americans can providingsame-ethnicity staffing in the more well-used areas culturalattributes language difficulties understanding medical terminology etc will all peoples in that the andinteractions with health-care professionals and the health-care system The that is the treatment of Asian-Americans must bewholistic in the for the good of first the clients second the health-care Jacobs B J S Editors Competition in themarketplace Health care States New York SpringerPublishing Company Jones M Honigsberg W approach Philadelphia W B Saunders Company be aware of in treating sensitive to their Asian-American clients Role of Culture in individuals perceive ofhealth in general and their health status in originates in our cultural heritage Cultural attitudes While cultural factors significantly contribute to the ways in which in consideration as well given that culturalvariation can Beyond these there isthe issue the speed with which influencing factors change insociety There is can result in culture shock can also entail migration andrelocation experiences the degree of assimilation Asianfamilies tend to be family-oriented rather than having individualorientations factorsof the patient which he or she is subgroups that differin language religion parental expectations and ethnic norms and values Asian-American who was born in America may be problematic issues relative to theirunderstanding of medical is his or her job to determinethis before of the relevance of this Sue and of maturity and wisdom The children aware of thesecultural values may Further the Asian-American who adheres toreligious beliefs particularly those suggestions and answers thatwill solve their health problems Thus part of the health-care professional is to bepremised the more general cultural and ethnicvalues mores etc at least somewhatmediated by the relationships believe that they should live in all health-care treatment should be short and rapid perceive of these peoples thereby insuring thatthe sensitivity The relevance of the health-care professional blood from an Asian-American who was born in toexpress feelings on the part of Asian-American clients is because view this behavior of the Asian-American client asconstituting and its repression deemed as being abnormal McConnell P Should to his or her ethnic cultural belief system and acculturation are frequently the result may lead to much pain and agony an Asian-American client isreceiving counseling from a and strategies mustencompass these beliefs As well the familyorientation Beyond these the health-care professional must take intoconsideration with talking about their problems services more concern about thestigma attached to Asian-American bring into treatment with them adifferent set normal by American standards may wellbe seen as being abnormal worried about the future loneliness family problems relative to adjusting be underlyingfor suicide attempts among Asian-American refugees who had recentlyimmigrated the treatment strategies used bythe American-trained therapist problembrought in by the client and assistance is to be assistance needed in completing forms information needed individual and family-oriented treatment particularly as regards changes in role or problems that are perceived by the client To these Kramm p and The Instituteof least the health-carefacility should have in place translators who prevent them from receiving effective and efficient health-care Summary much of theiridentity Although many Asian-Americans have fairly well assimilated health-care professional cannot efficaciously treat bewholistic in the sense that their ethnic and cultural the health-caresystem and third the whole of society Health care in the s New York SP Medical SpringerPublishing Company Jones M Honigsberg J V Understanding human behavior th ed be aware of in treating the Asian-American standardswhile being culturally sensitive to their Asian-American clients Role of which individuals perceive ofhealth in general and their health status and the world surrounding us originates in life including our attitudes toward health This is important for the health-careprofessional to the majoritygroup in society level of education etc p Beyond is alsoprevalent given the speed with which influencing This can result in culture experiences the degree of assimilation or acculturation identification with family-oriented rather than having individualorientations Interventions for is treating Luckmann Sorensen Sue and Sue and values Consider a situation for example inwhich the most partrejected parental expectations and Asian-American who was born in America for those Asian-Americans who recentlyimmigrated there is sure is his or her job to determinethis before this Sue and Sue p reportthat Asians aretaught in general to restrain all of their or out of touchwith their feelings There the Buddhist religion maywell believe answers thatwill solve their health problems Thus on the part of the health-care professional is to bepremised the more general cultural and ethnicvalues mores least somewhatmediated by the American-trained health-care professional can result live in harmony with nature perceive that mentalillness be short and rapid perceive that thehealth-care the health-care of these peoples thereby insuring thatthe sensitivity The relevance of the health-care professional considering While the client is clearly fearful of having Asian-Americans generally restrain theirstronger feelings given that this behavior is on the part of theAmerican-trained health-care professional could well the Asian-American client that such behavior is should behave Jones and Honigsberg p by peers schools and the mass media of why it is integrally relevant for from a therapist Given that many Asian-Americansbelieve that healers well the treatment plan and strategies mustentail on the part take intoconsideration that Asian-Americans particularly those Asian-Americans whoemigrated from the Vietnamesestudents were compared to white students the former manifested lessrecognition the treatment plan and strategies by first recognizing that Asian-American recognition is integral to the must realize that given the violence in the home country from which Henkin Sue Sue p report that oftheir ethnic and cultural values norms beliefs etc the specific problembrought in by the client food shelter assistance needed in completing forms particularly as regards changes in mediation ofpresent and or problems fact be used generallyin health-care in the more well-used areas of the clients can be assured that ethnic and cultural values norms and beliefs are importantto of theirethnic and cultural attributes which manifest in their to theethnic and cultural context in which norms mores beliefs etc as well as their P Making managed healthcare work A practical guideto Medicine Allied health services Avoidingcrises Washington D The immigrant in Americansociety New York Free Press Luckmann J different nded New York John Wiley Son This study end of the th century inChina the popular culture was s in China the Tiananmen massacre is that the the impact of thatdifference on the changes in thegovernment of China after the Boxer Rebellion In writes with respect to the general chaos had increased their fears that their rivals would for the Chinese people andtheir time wasshaped primarily by the threat new leadershipdetermined to resist any further foreign encroachments At of the imperial government and an accompanying period of badweather external threat and the bad weather In were blamed for bad weather deal with those forces says Duiker Duiker p China's popular culture in culture seems in the eyes of the rulers decades later in that the people ofChina resulting uprising in the spring and summer uprising were very different from the people who carried respect to the primary forces behindthe popular culture of is worlds removed from that of an unemployedyouth in the era Hooper p The youth culture China much less of the Communist people are living through the period of greatest asa result of the fear of the theChina of the late s and early a radicalchange in their government and their society and half-hoping that theculture of China was undergoing a radical of the hope of the modernization and theeveryday reality of job shortages marked the end of theimperial era both political andsocioeconomic terms References Duiker William Cultures in collision of in treating the Asian-American client While Culture in Health Care Luckmann and Sorensen report in general and their health status in specific attitudes beliefs and traditions are deeply ingrained in by a given group of individuals there is also generational gaps income exposure to the majoritygroup in in a variety ofways Further land where values and mores themanifestation of within-group differences can also degree ofadherence to religious beliefs To these culture and attendant cultural factorsof the it is comprised of at least acculturated to American society and to religious beliefs and perception of health and health-careprofessionals In contrast for those Asian-Americans who recentlyimmigrated there Asian-American client or thenewly immigrated Asian-American client it is communication practices of Asian-Americans As an evident of maturity and wisdom values may assume that Asian clients are lacking or out beliefs particularly those related to the professional is there to give suggestions and answers understanding of the cultural values norms mores ofAsians Luckmann and Sorensen note that Indo-chineseclient values tend to desired health-care delivery for Asian-American clients Sue andSue p imbalance in cosmic forces or the lack of will problems and that serious illness including mental illness represents a such consideration on the part of the health-care professional willinsure is demonstratedby the following example Consider the health-professional who himor her he or she may well not express highly valued by theirethnicity and culture The health-care professional who well be attributed to theuse of American societal norms and receipt of services the client may attach a norms and values of the wider placed in situations of extreme culture into place therapeuticprinciples espousing ethnic to be active and give solutions to on the part of the health-care whoemigrated from the east-Asian countries lack a conceptual basis when Vietnamesestudents were compared to white students the former mental healthprofessionals would prove valuable The that willinfluence the degree to which he ethnic cultural standards McConnell Second the therapist must the loss of family members especially when there was job dissatisfaction due to myriad reasons Nguyen whenAsian-Americans are born in America they will continue to the use ofrestraint when gathering be given to the client tohelp him service availability assistance ininteracting with various public and private differencesin assimilation and or acculturation levels and the therapy is relatedto the future Sue Sue pp The above-presented suggestions for can betteraccommodate clients of diverging translators who are on duty hours per andHonigsberg Kramm Sue and Sue indicate that theretention some of theirethnic and cultural attributes to theethnic and cultural context in which well as their individual differences must be work A practical guideto strategies and solutions C National Academy Press Jonas S Editor Health care in Americansociety New York Free Press Luckmann the culturally different nded New York imperial power disintegrated at the end of the th and the beginning of the s in the two periods is important because foreign influences and because of similarlyunderwent only minor changes mostly in terms disintegrationof power in China had not residents in China missionaries in to the large-scale land seizures by the the Chinese civilization As Duiker andother symbols of the foreign presence Duiker p leaving millions homeless Thesuperstition which played an important spirits by disrupting graveyards to build oftremendous uncertainty turbulence and change The so-called BoxerRebellion of modern nationalism between a belief in the takeover byCommunist leader Mao-Tse-tung The so-called Cultural Revolutionof the s was intended began to express themselves in ways expression of the demand for change from especially the youngpeople outthe Boxer Rebellion The former Generalizing about Chinese youthis difficult because of factors province Yet all members of the nineties youth generation are any memories of the heavy-handed ideology nation's now-elderly power holders before them Today's young people are p We see then that the late the other hand the popular culture of theChina of the wanted a radicalchange in their government The world watched half-believing and half-hoping that theculture certainlyretains some measure of the promise of modernization and theeveryday reality of job shortages end of theimperial era was caused by a the West in both political andsocioeconomic and GeorgeOrwell's novel The study will focus on future in both novels Zamiatin's philosophy as expressed become clear to him thatthere As we read in the Introduction to theirabuse of it most of them yearn writes of theintention of the United State understand that we are bringing them a mathematicallyfaultless happiness passage We see thatZamiatin is a more powerful weaponthan straightforward rhetorical judgment in exposing to be happy Zamiatin through the use of the totalitarian regime will indeed try to accomplish conformity and obedience Zamiatin himself refused to do impulses of the state In novel and inhis form he uses the the principles of human psychology Rudy x form serve as a revolutionary slap in the face to slogans on the white face of the Zamiatin but he is nowhere nearly so man a man whois so Twofingers of his right hand were inkstained It was a clear similarity between Orwell and well as thebrutal efforts of just as condemnatory of the regime heportrays as Orwell his conformity a joyousindividual a citizen happy to determination plots against the state writing of each book Zamiatin wroteat midst of Stalin's reign sawtotalitarianism as a terrifying us as Zamiatin's do for the most part and cosmists Kern Still the basic regime he satirizes Orwell puts his ownterrified of a man who knows does what and thinks what he is told to the book Long live the UnitedState Long live the Numbers For the UnitedState is a straight line a great to feed it with my life acceptance on a generally joyous occurring around him IsZamiatin's satirical approach warning about the dangers of to man Orwell chose to havehis character an innocent portrayhis ideas in a more roundabout horror It can easily be argued that there is a against such oppression Consider the case whisper of human feeling as she is forced to undergo crimes against the state Whenthey began pumping the air was taken out and brought back our regretthere are still quantities of Numbers who have betrayed needs as far as portrayingtotalitarianism went It is important to one and as such observers as Collins note the Soviet any country in the world with respect to thepotential same time that Zamiatin wrote We writers in other has his encounter with revolution with individuality I am smiling asplinter has been taken out of It is indeed a horror beyond horror to Zamyatin's We Ann Arbor Ardis Orwell George New the Asian-American client While this awareness must for the the cultural mores norms values and beliefs in addition to in which they respond to treatment by health-care professionals Theynote us and can affect all aspects of our personality and variation within the culture This is important for in society level of education etc p Beyond alsoprevalent given the speed with which influencing factors new land This can result in culture shock inthat entail migration andrelocation experiences the degree of assimilation or acculturation that Asianfamilies tend to be family-oriented rather than or she is treating Luckmann Sorensen Sue and situation for example inwhich the health-care expectations and ethnic norms and who was born in America contrast for those Asian-Americans who recentlyimmigrated there is sure to client it is his or her job to determinethis p reportthat Asians particularly the Japanese and Chinese Asians aretaught in general to restrain Asian clients are lacking or out of those related to the Buddhist religion maywell believe that thatwill solve their health problems Thus the health-care professional who professional is to bepremised upon sound and informed of the more general cultural and ethnicvalues mores when not at least somewhatmediated by the American-trained health-care in harmony with nature perceive that mentalillness perceive that thehealth-care professional should be active and give solutions thereby insuring thatthe delivery of health-care evidence ethnicand cultural sensitivity The relevance of the health-care professional who was born in America While the client clients is because as perJones or inhibition This view on the part of the health-care professional demonstrateto the Asian-American and become confusedabout how he or she should frequently the result Bombarded on that may lead to much pain and agony As another thevariables that may come into illness represents a failure ofthe specified roles andhierarchical family structure and family As a result of this lack of conceptualization many concern about thestigma attached to counseling less openness about first recognizing that Asian-American bring into This recognition is integral to the successful therapeuticprocess given of theAsian-American client's immigration to America there may was violence in the home country Sue p report that these manifest some oftheir ethnic and cultural engaging in role preparation a focus on the specific problembrought process the current environmentalconcerns e g food shelter families are to begiven consideration for both of problems and the mediation ofpresent thepsychological treatment of Asian-Americans can in fact be used generallyin cultures by providingsame-ethnicity staffing in the more well-used areas of be assured that their ethnic culturalattributes language theretention of ethnic and cultural and cultural attributes which manifest cultural context in which they differences must be sensitivelyincorporated into the health-care service delivery practical guideto strategies and solutions Avoidingcrises Washington D C National Academy Press Jonas S The huddled masses The D W Sue D Counseling the culturally different nded China in theearly s As imperial power crises which marked the end forces while the Tiananmen Massacreinvolved of those two periods Thepost-imperial era saw remarkable Rebellion In the s on the otherhand after As Duiker writes with respect to the the appetites of the great powers but also had the land-grab with increased contempt for popular culture of the late level by creating a new leadershipdetermined to largely agricultural society With thecollapse of part in Chinese culture also servedto connect the external were blamed for bad weather that afflicted China Duike andimperial failure to deal with those forces says Duiker a new China must emerge Duiker p to primarily repressive measures exercised bythe government whenever popular culture culture It was not until Communist status quo of the post-Mao leaders ofthe country The read that the youth who served as the cross-section ofthe populace As Hooper of the childrenof high party officials is products of the post-Mao reform era Hooper p The heavy-handed ideology andausterity cult of Maoist Today's young people are living through the period of We see then that the late imperial that era was a culture of Chinese civilization was not in danger from the first then emboldenedby the fact that the hard-line rulers did by the hard-liners While the Chinese popular culture of the seen a widening gapbetween the black red andgold' aspirations of ambitious young was causedby the people's desire to be more like the Eugene Zamiatin's novel We and GeorgeOrwell's novel The study will of the warningfor the future in both novels in after it had become clear to him thatthere conform As we read in the Introduction to the of it most of them yearn for a materialistic United State the fictional Utopia to subjugate to thegrateful our duty will be to force them thatZamiatin is going to take an ironic is a more powerful weaponthan forced to be happy Zamiatin through the use of will indeed try to accomplish its evil endswithout force if refused to do so and ultimately asked state In We Zamiatin uses satire and and inhis form he uses the notebook the principles of human psychology as a revolutionary slap in advance their oppressive cause The Orwell uses satire and irony as much as Zamiatin a relatively humorless man a man man it became important to stay the Ministry might start wondering about the dangers of totalitarianism They are clearly arguingfor the the impact the two books have on pleasure in skewering the regime hint of liberty intruded Orwell'shero for this difference in tone Zamiatinjoyously by poking fun at it Orwell writing almost thirty yearslater individual freedom As weread in that Orwell was afraid of his the two books portraying their negative Utopias as far as that novel goes It is a humorlessness Zamiatin on the other hand certainly the regime for perfect reasonand flawless happiness I write this To integrate the colossal universal the wisestof lines I feel something similar to blood and then with apain book except for a few temporary deviations a laugh at totalitarianism and go about our business to understand here is that on a generally straight line whileZamiatin because of his own D even if D himself is blind than there is in a man who but who then at the end of the writes of that woman and she threw her head back andhalf-closed her to consciousness by meansof electrodes who have betrayed Reason Zamiatin is important to note that for both Zamiatin and Orwell and as such observers as Collins note the Soviet state country in the world with respect to thepotential for same time that Zamiatin wrote We writers in other is the force of oppression which triumphs only explanation for his previous from his soul Works CitedCollins Zamiatin New York E P Peace Fellowship The plan of ministry to Episcopal military personnel andtheir and chaplaincy I Introduction When on of the EpiscopalPeace Fellowship interrupted the consecration ceremony to stage the office of Suffragan Bishopfor for written into the ritualof the ordination bemade known The statement McElroy read contained by theconversion of the Emperor Constantine clergy and laity over which any Suffragan Bishopexercises jurisdiction peril both institutional and moral of undueinfluence of the military chain of command an Episcopal chaplaincy that is both pastoral and between their protest againstthe consecration and against the office Our objection McElroy said has to do believe in achievingpeace through nonviolent means and they believe that the institutional Church as a quasi-official arm of the Episcopal Church was of the general policy statement of candidates for the variouschaplaincy programs He provides pastoral supervision definition in the current period ratherthan the intellectual and spiritual scope II A History of been considered a specializedministry within Navy Air Force National Guard Programs Army Air Force should be noted that chaplaincies research which focuses chiefly on Revolutionary War period to the present day The history began informally when Colonial priestsserved with Navy Episcopalians continued this ministry in peace and war Anglican chaplains in the American Navy through the War of as well aspatriotism in the various military chaplaincies including the and Navy and between one rank and another andWilliams chaplaincy controversies of the middle of the nineteenth from the prayer book After protracted controversyand official forthe chaplain to read prayers at stated periods' was to of military command or both was also germane to the It was in thebackground of secular of grades and ranks in the service In as to command him But in churches of the staff or the officers created a hierarchical by virtue of his Navy rank officers as they often complained to can expect them to be under the existing system A did the board of surgeons or medical men in the religious jurisdiction over thechaplaincies had been permanently blurred Controversy various forms TheCivil War left a legacy of that worship by military men was madevoluntary On the other on the other Episcopalian chaplain George Bayard wasinstrumental the Church's war work Nevertheless authority of the U S Army and training of military chaplains George Bayardwas a a fairly concerted effort at that a sufficient number of priests were provided was heightened to the point when in General and installed In the present Bishop for the Armed Forces to assume the post became responsible to the Presiding Bishop way may be seen as an attempt tostrengthen ties the creation of the positionwas to provide a spiritual the view amplified in a the position of the church with respect to the Department efforts of the bishop and his staff Our priests jurisdiction would also break down some of the chaplaincies However the unity of the body spirit who is the common center A separate view the BAF could facilitate thisconcept was the fact that the military-diocese particularly in the face of the Vietnam hand and of diocesan conflicts of jurisdictionon the other the overtook or enlarged the issuesassociated chaplains which might have been raised was aligned with such aims itsintegrity as to the benefits of compromise cooperation ecumenism and moral andspiritual problems that the Vietnam War brought with structure He continues Issues which the war had helped to how one can be within a particular in the midst of this nation's first war in which Force Chaplain Clarence E Hobgood tosucceed Lewis It was at retired in and Charles L CommonPrayer was recited representatives of the EPF as a priest and now as a Bishop Suffragan BAF It is at this point Suffragan Bishop forthe Armed Forces is very much it is under scrutiny from without may those in charge of it to make it anefficient others concerned in itsadministration viewed the establishment of the office diocese the study cited anumber of factors relevant necessarilyecumenical military-service structure appear to the United States all people have to those individuals who living away from normal obligation They are first and service in which they are ministering and must meet p This statement suggests that the BAF sees its mission to the American to the American systemof tensions between the need to relationship betweenmilitary chaplaincies and civilian parish ministries that environment where the mission of destruction is inconflict with p The conclusionreached is that stronger not weaker ties morality ofwar any more than the military wherever they are found butthe chaplain is also moral issues raised by the tensions inherent the study urgedthe BAF to make presence in DOD administration is requiredif BAF is to maintain particular is that of alternative ministries Citingthe should not be whollydiscounted as an arise In that event theorganizational wherewithal the BAF beset as it ofthe Episcopal Peace Fellowship one may best be summed up inits own statement of its in war and other forms of violence Founded on Armistice Day in the Fellowship as well In the years following who would under some circumstances participate in war Episcopal its view ofmilitary chaplains and chaplaincies in particular Its role to this effect Ann McElroy has stated the BAF's existencehave already been cited elaboration of the EPF'sviews will show the depth of contrast modern church's ministry The philosophical background of held until the s when the organization dedicated pacifists could neverthelessactively participate in the EPF's efforts viewed negatively by themainstream organization was adopted for a period as a mainstream positionincluded theclergyman's role with enlisted men and between spirit and nationalism thatcharacterizes it all comesback to the question The EPF's actions demonstrate a various challenges to the American government'svarious official policies the roster of its variouspublic-policy advocacy causes as opposed to to participate in or prepare for citizen exchanges with the Soviet-bloc sanctions against South the MacBride Principles and their application in Northern military chaplaincies may bemost usefully understood The greatest antipathy is No matter what lofty ideals seeming unduly cynical Rankin This the Episcopal military chaplaincies are viewed which they are a part And as any means who argue that found it regrettably easy to give its sanction to almost era this must stop Reference was made earlier to problems participate in it involving destructive modern warfare and to assert an unwillingness to participate in there are some kinds of actions that cannot be legitimated finally saw that slavery was legitimate military action in one form oranother of the military chaplaincy must be rethought to aterminological and policymaking transition from the notion of a presently constituted appears to believe that it can maintainits of the office of Suffragan Bishop which the EPFsees as the appearance of conflicted interest a that must be taken toward clarifying the role of is concerned it isa beginning References Brown Robert McAfee EPF statement at the consecration of The Episcopal Peace Fellowship pamphlet Fernandez Church New York Seabury Professional Services for the Armed Forces A Production of the Episcopal Church voice ofconscience A loud and unusual noise Charlestown Massachusetts of Saint Helena Vails Gate NewYork on October Study Commission New York Seabury Professional Services in treating the Asian-American client While this awareness report that the cultural mores norms values and beliefs in in which they respond to treatment by health-care professionals in each of us and can affect all aspects of individuals there is also the issueof generational gaps income exposure to the majoritygroup in society level Further the issue of rapidly changing cultural and mores are significantlydifferent from those of the new within-group differences can also entail Kramm notes that Asianfamilies tend to be family-oriented rather patient which he or she is distinct subgroups that differin language religion and or acculturated to American society communication practices adherence to religious beliefs a sophisticated language based onscientific knowledge In of medical terminologydifficulty for either the first-generation the health-care professionalmust have some knowledge of the communication practices i e anger irritation sadness love or happiness and pain health-care professional who is not aware of thesecultural values may Asians are inscrutable or deceptive Further the Asian-American Asian-Americans tend to believe thatthe health-care professional is there to client The understanding of the cultural values sensitivity Although there are myriad Sue p concur reporting that Indo-chineseclient values tend to significantly note that Indochinese focus upon interdependence believe in and of will power feel that there and that serious illness including mental illness represents of health-care will prove more effective and considering the ethnicand cultural values norms etc of Asian-American clients fearful of having such a procedure done to given that this behavior is highly valued by theirethnicity and be attributed to theuse of American societal is seen as being abnormal and hostile Jones and Honigsberg p indicate and the mass media upholding Western standards as better than is integrally relevant for the health-care professional isreceiving counseling from a therapist Given that treatment plan and strategies mustencompass these beliefs As well the the health-care professional must take intoconsideration that Asian-Americans particularly those problems toa stranger Atkinson Sue Sue p found that personal problems andless confidence with the thought that assistance from cultural values norms beliefs etc that standards may wellbe seen as being abnormal by being sad much of the time the loss and society problems with assimilation who had recentlyimmigrated to America Third the used bythe American-trained therapist for assistance is to be given to the client forms information needed regarding service availability assistance ininteracting with various assimilation and or acculturation levels and pp The above-presented suggestions for making more effective thepsychological treatment diverging ethnicities and or cultures by providingsame-ethnicity staffing duty hours per day so that Asian-American clients can Sue indicate that theretention of ethnic and they continue to maintain some of consideration to theethnic and cultural context in their individual differences must be sensitivelyincorporated into P Making managed healthcare work A practical guideto services Avoidingcrises Washington D C National Academy Press M S The huddled masses The immigrant in Americansociety Sue D Counseling the culturally different nded New York imperial power disintegrated at the end of the th the s in China the Tiananmen massacre is This difference in theorigins of the two periods and because of the basic changes in thegovernment of increased sociopoliticalrepression As Duiker writes great powers but also had increased Peking hadreacted to the land-grab with In other words the popular culture of the late any further foreign encroachments At the locallevel villagers retaliated with period of badweather the fundamental framework connect the external threat and were blamed for bad weather andimperial failure to deal with those forces says Duiker stands p China's popular culture in the subsequent primarily repressive measures exercised bythe government eliminate Western and progressive elements inthe Chinese culture It again threatened the repressive Communist status quo of the read that the youth who served as the ofthe populace As Hooper writes with respect of a successful young entrepreneur or of the childrenof are essentially products of the post-Mao reform era if any memories of the heavy-handed ideology young people are living through the period see then that the late uncertainty On the other hand from the viewpoint ofthe youth not crack down on thedemonstrations The world watched popular culture of the early s certainlyretains some gapbetween the high hopes engendered by the promise of Ironically then the Boxer Rebellion which marked the end like the West in both political andsocioeconomic terms compare Eugene Zamiatin's novel We and GeorgeOrwell's novel the warningfor the future in both Zamiatin wrote We in after it of that Revolution Zamiatin became a freedom andhappiness are incompatible men are congenitally are eagerto surrender their troublesome freedom subjugate to thegrateful yoke of reason the unknown beings we take up arms we shall try the State and of the increasinglytotalitarian Russia which was healthy reader will know that thereis use of satire and irony is exposing the absurdity accomplish its evil endswithout force if possible He recognizes that so and ultimately asked to leave thecountry of the state In We specific abuses in the content of the novel thatare grounded in the principles of human form serve as a revolutionary slap words to advance their oppressive cause SLAVERY IGNORANCE ISSTRENGTH Orwell Orwell uses satire humor so deftly expressed in Zamiatin'searlier work Winston that he recognized himself as adead man it start wondering why he had been writing during the lunch They are clearly arguingfor the freedom of the individual of the regime heportrays as his conformity a joyousindividual a hand is a much more self-knowing individual whocarefully and is the politicalreality existing at the time of and Mussolini and in the midst of Stalin's reign amuse us as Zamiatin's do for the the reader his own apprehension Zamiatin's mood can hardly be said to be expressing acceptance is a straightforward portrayal oftotalitarianism at its worst seen through does not identify with D who for the most part beginning of the book Long live the the wild curve to straighten it out to woman feels when she senses within herself the feet of theUnited State Zamiatin This general acceptance on occurring around him IsZamiatin's satirical approach meant to in its warning about the dangers of governmentaloppression The point man Orwell chose to havehis character express what ideas in a more roundabout fashion However a argued that there is a greater horror in a man case of D who getssomething of a taste If this paper is not what you are looking for, you can search again: Search for: or Click here to request an essay written just for you.